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> Atheriniformes (Silversides) > Atherinidae (Silversides) > Atherinomorinae
Etymology: Atherinomorus:Greek, atherina, the Greek name for the eperlane + Greek, moros = silly, stupid (Ref. 45335). More on author: Forster.
Indo-Pacific: from East Africa to Tonga, north to southern Japan, and south to northern
Australia; except Andaman Sea. Replaced by Atherinomorus insularum in the Hawaiian Islands (Ref. 37816).
ขนาด / น้ำหนัก / อายุ
วัยเจริญพันธุ์: Lm? range ? - ? cm Max length : 25.0 cm TL เพศผู้/กระเทย; (Ref. 48635)
เงี่ยงครีบหลัง (รวม) : 5 - 8; ก้านครีบอ่อนที่หาง (รวม) : 9 - 10; เงี่ยงครีบก้น: 1; ก้านครีบอ่อนที่ก้น: 12 - 17; สัตว์มีกระดูกสันหลัง: 43 - 44. This species is distinguished by the following characters: lateral process of premaxilla very low and wide; upper margin of the dentary almost flat distally, no distinct tubercle at the posterior end; posterior tip of the upper jaw reaching to or beyond a vertical through anterior margin of the pupil, sometimes reaching to the center of pupil; small teeth on endopterygoids, not forming obvious ridges; the anus is near or usually behind the posterior tip of the pelvic fin; lower gill rakers 18-24; midlateral scale count 40-44; lower margin of midlateral band reaching below ventral end of the midlateral (third) scale row and reaching to almost the center of the fourth scale row at level of the anal fin origin (Ref. 58474). Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.
Common in large schools along sandy shorelines and reef margins. Reported to be mainly a nocturnal species which usually forms schools (from several hundred to more than 100 m long and 20 m wide) (Ref. 9760). Feeds mostly at night when the school disperse. Feeds on a variety of planktonic crustaceans. Preyed upon by sharks, tunas, long toms, and amberjacks which swim alongside the school. Among its other predators are crested terns, gannets, sea-gulls and herons. Slow moving and not well regarded as bait. Extremely important as forage fish for larger species (Ref. 3302). Sold fresh, or salted and dried (Ref. 12484). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 57178.
Kimura, S., D. Golani, Y. Iwatsuki, M. Tabuchi and T. Yoshino, 2007. Redescriptions of the Indo-Pacific atherinid fishes Atherinomorus forskalii, Atherinomorus lacunosus, and Atherinomorus pinguis. Ichthyol. Res. 54(2):145-159. (Ref. 58474)
สถานะบัญชีแดงของ IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
อุณหภูมิที่ต้องการ (อ้างอิง 123201): 24.9 - 29.1, mean 28 °C (based on 1080 cells).
ดัชนีความหลากหลายทางวิวัฒนาการ (อ้างอิง 82804): PD50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00692 (0.00378 - 0.01267), b=3.17 (3.01 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
ระดับชั้นอาหาร (อ้างอิง 69278): 3.3 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
ความสามารถในการกลับคืนสู่ปกติ (อ้างอิง 120179): ขนาดกลาง, เวลาต่ำสุดที่จะทำให้ประชากรเพิ่มขึ้นเป็น 2 เท่าใช้เวลา 1.4 - 4.4 ปี (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
ความเสี่ยงต่อการตกปลา (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100). 🛈
