Issue
Needs recent reference.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien. Subtropical; 1°N - 34°S, 92°W - 72°W
Southeast Pacific: Chile (Ref. 9068) and the Galapagos Islands (Ref. 26352).
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 65.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 9174); common length : 35.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 55763)
Korte beschrijving
Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Body moderately deep and compressed; dorsal fin with 7 to 8 weak spines and 25 to 28 soft rays (VII-VIII, 25-28), its origin above or slightly behind the insertion of the pectoral fins; pectoral fins falcate; anal fin with 18 to 20 rays; scales deciduous; body entirely dark blue gray; flanks and belly with silver highlights (Ref. 55763).
Maximum length estimated from other maximum lengths in Genus; replace with data asap (RF).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Guichenot, A., 1848. Fauna Chilena. Pisces. p. 137-370. In C. Gay (ed.) Historia fisica y politica de Chile. Zoologica. Tomo segundo. Paris and Santiago. (Ref. 9174)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: commercieel
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00891 (0.00406 - 0.01955), b=3.10 (2.91 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 53.7 [34.1, 85.5] mg/100g; Iron = 1.23 [0.78, 1.92] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.5, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.422 [0.282, 0.628] g/100g; Selenium = 32 [19, 55] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.8 [6.9, 42.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.666 [0.495, 0.918] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.