環境:環境 / 気候帯 / 深さの範囲 / 分布範囲
生態学
海; 新鮮な水; 汽水性の pelagic-neritic. Subtropical; 27°S - 35°S
Southeast Atlantic: restricted from Lüderitz, Namibia to northern Natal, South Africa.
初回成熟時の長さ / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
成熟: Lm 4.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 11.0 cm SL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 7248)
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 6 - 9; 背鰭 (合計) : 11 - 15; 肛門の骨: 1; 臀鰭: 15 - 18. Body silvery and translucent with a midlateral band; dusky upper surface (Ref. 4125).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Forms schools along the coast and in estuaries, especially during spring (Ref. 3302). Also found in coastal lakes (Ref. 7248). Small individuals filter out small organisms such as phytoplankton and rotifers. Above 3.5 cm TL, it feeds mostly on crustaceans especially amphipods taken from the water column as well as off the bottom. Preyed upon by fishes and birds (Ref. 7248).
ライフサイクルと交尾行動
成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
Skelton, P.H., 1993. A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Southern Book Publishers. 388 p. (Ref. 7248)
IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人間の用途
水産業: 食糧水産; 餌: usually
用具
特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
モデルに基づく推定値
好ましい温度 (参照
123201): 14.3 - 23.9, mean 19.5 °C (based on 14 cells).
系統多様性指数 (参照
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00794 (0.00444 - 0.01422), b=3.14 (2.98 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
栄養段階 (参照
69278): 3.4 ±0.46 se; based on food items.
回復力 (参照
120179): 手段, 1.4年~4.4年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
漁業の脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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