Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino; salmastro demersale; distribuzione batimetrica 10 - 50 m. Tropical
Indo-West Pacific: Pakistan eastwards to Malaysia and southwards to the Philippines and Indonesia.
Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 3290); common length : 20.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 3290)
Found in coastal waters, seldom entering tidal rivers and estuaries. Feeds mainly on invertebrates. The sharp dorsal and pectoral fin spines can inflict painful wounds. Caught mainly with bottom trawls, bamboo stake traps and longlines. Sold mostly fresh and dried-salted in markets.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Riproduzione | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larve
Ferraris, C.J. Jr., 2007. Checklist of catfishes, recent and fossil (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes), and catalogue of siluriform primary types. Zootaxa 1418:1-628. (Ref. 58032)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Traumatogenic (Ref. 58010)
Human uses
Pesca: commerciale
Strumenti
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 27.3 - 29.2, mean 28.5 °C (based on 640 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00813 (0.00384 - 0.01719), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 127 [68, 272] mg/100g; Iron = 1.09 [0.72, 1.87] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [15.7, 19.2] %; Omega3 = 0.279 [0.160, 0.489] g/100g; Selenium = 49.2 [27.9, 93.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22.7 [9.8, 51.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.39 [0.96, 2.09] mg/100g (wet weight);