分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 1 - 12 m (Ref. 90102), usually 2 - 3 m (Ref. 9790). 熱帶; 19°N - 23°S
Western Pacific: Philippines, Borneo, Moluccas, Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia, Palau, and Yap Island to Ishigaki Island. Range extended to Mentawai Islands (Indonesia).
西太平洋: 菲律賓，婆羅洲，模里西斯，巴布亞新幾內亞，新加勒多尼亞，帛琉與雅普島島到石垣島。 範圍對明打威群島 (印尼) 延伸。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 35.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9790)
背棘 (總數) : 9 - 10; 背的軟條 (總數) : 11; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 11. Small juveniles all black, gradually changing to the blotched pattern of the adult (Ref. 48635). Rear edge of maxilla ends well in front of eye. Prominent pit present behind upper eye. Preopercular spines short, usually 2, subequal. Infraorbital ridge usually smooth over eye. Suborbital ridge largely smooth, bearing 2 spines below eye. Oblique scale rows slanting backward above lateral line more or less equals number of lateral-line scales. Dermal papillae (10-12 in adults) on upper eye, some simple, some branched, longest not reaching supraorbital ridge. Interopercular flap usually broader than long, with several subdivisions.
小的稚魚全黑的, 逐漸地變成成魚的被大斑點的圖案.(參考文獻 48635) 顎骨的後緣在眼正前方結束。 突出的凹洞出現在眼睛上方後面。 前鰓蓋骨棘短, 通常 2, 幾乎相等的。 眶下的脊通常平滑的眼之上。 眶下骨脊非常平滑, 在眼之下生長著 2根棘。 斜的鱗片列向後傾斜在側線上面約略等於側線鱗片的數字。 在眼睛上方，一些單一又一些分枝上的表皮的乳突 (10-12 當成魚時), 長的不達到眶上的脊。 間鰓蓋骨蓋通常寬度大於長度, 有一些細分。
Lives on sand or rubble substrates of sheltered or semi-exposed reefs to a depth of at least 8 m (Ref. 9710). Well camouflaged on reefs (Ref. 48635). Also found in coral reefs and mangrove area in about 1-12 m (Ref 90102).
生活在掩蔽或半裸露礁的沙子或碎石堆底部到深度至少 8 公尺。 (參考文獻 9710) 在礁上善於偽裝。 (參考文獻 48635)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
西太平洋: 菲律賓，婆羅洲，模里西斯，巴布亞新幾內亞，新加勒多尼亞，帛琉與雅普島島到石垣島。 範圍對明打威群島 (印尼) 延伸。
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
人類使用
漁業: 自給性漁業
工具
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 27.8 - 29.3, mean 28.8 °C (based on 1532 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00575 (0.00330 - 0.01002), b=3.08 (2.92 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 46.7 [23.0, 116.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.631 [0.277, 1.412] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [15.9, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.116 [0.049, 0.325] g/100g; Selenium = 28 [14, 78] μg/100g; VitaminA = 130 [46, 351] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.916 [0.587, 1.443] mg/100g (wet weight);
