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Elasmobranchii (haaien en roggen) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Dasyatidae (Stingrays) > Urogymninae
Etymology: Himantura: Greek, iman, imantos = thong, strap + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien demersaal. Tropical; 30°N - 24°S

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Indo-West Pacific: Bay of Bengal to New Guinea, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia. Not occurring in the western Indian Ocean.

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m 87.5, range 85 - 90 cm
Max length : 410 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 9840)

Demersal on soft substrate inshore (Ref.58048). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Size at birth about 20 cm WD and 92 cm TL (Ref. 90102). Caught occasionally in the demersal tangle net, bottom trawl and longline fisheries. Utilized for its meat, skin (high value) and cartilage (Ref.58048).

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Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator : McEachran, John | Medewerkers

Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Bedreigd (EN) (A2d); Date assessed: 06 May 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Venomous

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van minder commercieel belang

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25 - 29, mean 28.3 °C (based on 810 cells).

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00366 - 0.01891), b=3.10 (2.90 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).

Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766): Low.

Himantura undulata (Bleeker, 1852)