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Salmoniformes (Salmons) >
Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Coregoninae
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Pallas.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien; zoet water; brak water benthopelagisch; anadroom (Ref. 51243). Polar; 78°N - 63°N, 58°E - 163°E
Arctic Ocean basin, from Kara to Kolyma drainages. Introduced or stocked in many lakes in northern and central Russia (Ref. 59043).
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm 46.3, range 42 - 50 cm
Max length : 90.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 59043); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 13.8 kg (Ref. 593); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 23 Jaren (Ref. 593)
Anadromous, semi-anadromous, lacustrine, lacustrine-riverine, and riverine stocks have been reported. Most stocks are migratory, spending most of year at sea, sometimes rather far from coast (Ref. 59043). Stays mainly in the lower reaches of the rivers (Ref. 593) with slow current, large lakes and their tributaries, floodplain lakes, deltas and estuaries, marine waters with salinity up to 6-10%. Enters rivers in July - August and reaches spawning sites by October - November. In larger rivers, moves upriver up tp 2000 km (average speed 20 km/day). Spawns for the first time at 6-14 years, 47-50 cm SL. Spawns in rapids or shallows, at 1-2°C, when rivers start freezing. Adults leave spawning sites in winter (Ref. 59043). Eggs are buried in unguarded nests (Ref. 205). Eggs hatch in 150-180 days; peak hatching usually in April. Juveniles feed on plankton in winter (during which they do not cease active foraging) and benthic invertebrates in summer (Ref. 59043).
Status of threat: Important commercial species but rapidly declining (Ref. 59043).
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Berg, L.S., 1962. Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 1, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. (Russian version published 1948). (Ref. 593)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van groot commercieel belang
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Estimates based on models
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00417 (0.00266 - 0.00653), b=3.24 (3.11 - 3.37), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 10.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (tmax=23).
Prior r = 0.25, 95% CL = 0.17 - 0.38, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 9.22 [5.19, 19.35] mg/100g; Iron = 0.332 [0.178, 0.604] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [15.9, 18.4] %; Omega3 = 0.542 [0.216, 1.489] g/100g; Selenium = 17.3 [7.4, 40.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.7 [2.4, 62.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.409 [0.297, 0.585] mg/100g (wet weight);
