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Ovalentaria/misc (Various families in series Ovalentaria) >
Pomacentridae (Damselfishes) > Microspathodontinae
Etymology: Parma: Latin, parma, -ae = a little shield.
More on authors: Allen & Hoese.
Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; nir-ruaya; kisaran kedalaman 5 - 40 m (Ref. 7247). Subtropical; 30°S - 40°S
Southwest Pacific: Lord Howe Island, northern New Zealand, and Kermadec Islands.
Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 7247)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 13; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 18 - 20; Duri dubur: 2; Sirip dubur lunak: 14 - 16.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Adults inhabit rocky reefs. Feed on algae (Ref. 26966). Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate (Ref. 205). Males guard and aerate the eggs (Ref. 205).
Siklus hidup dan perilaku kawin
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fekunditas | Larva
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate (Ref. 205). Males guard and aerate the eggs (Ref. 205).
Allen, G.R., 1991. Damselfishes of the world. Mergus Publishers, Melle, Germany. 271 p. (Ref. 7247)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan
123201): 16.8 - 22.1, mean 18.3 °C (based on 24 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00910 - 0.04376), b=2.99 (2.80 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 2.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
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Nutrisi (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 45.4 [18.5, 74.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.629 [0.354, 1.168] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [17.3, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.143 [0.078, 0.262] g/100g; Selenium = 14.1 [6.3, 31.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 39.8 [8.1, 178.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.13 [0.71, 1.85] mg/100g (wet weight);