Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien demersaal; diepte 3 - 35 m (Ref. 27742). Subtropical; 33°N - 24°N
Western Central Atlantic: North Carolina to Florida Keys and Texas in the Gulf of Mexico.
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 8.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 7251)
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 11 - 13; Anale stekels: 2; Anale zachte stralen: 30 - 35. Common amongst Dactyloscopidae: Small, elongate fishes. Head usually broad and deep, body tapering and compressed behind. Eyes on top of head, often protrusible; mouth moderate to large, oblique to vertical; upper and/or lower lips with fimbriae; jaw teeth minute, in 2 or more series; no teeth on roof of mouth (vomer and palatines). Opercular opening large, gill membrane free from isthmus; opercles membranous, large, usually overlapping on underside of head, typically fringed above with 2 to 24 fleshy fimbriae. Dorsal fin continuous, with an isolated or semi-isolated anterior finlet, or with 1 to 5 separate anterior rays; dorsal-fin spines 7 to 23; anal-fin spines 2; dorsal and anal fins free or united to caudal fin by fragile membranes; pectoral fins broad-based, usually enlarged in mature males; caudal-fin rays simple or branched; pelvic fins under throat (insertion anterior to pectoral-fin base), with 1 spine and 3 thickened segmented rays; all other rays simple. Head and venter naked, body elsewhere with large cycloid scales (smooth to touch); lateral line high anteriorly, deflecting ventrally behind pectoral fin to continue along middle of side to caudal-fin base where terminal lateral-line scale bears ventrally directed canal. Body coloration, variably pale to strongly pigmented with white, brown, or reddish; some forms with characteristic saddle-like bars crossing back; others plain, mottled, or with indications of lateral stripes. Species distinguished by: dorsal-fin origin on nape; without a distinct anterior finlet; dorsal-fin spines usually 11 to 13. Segmented anal-fin rays 30 to 35 (usually 31 to 34). First preopercular canal branched, with 2 or more distal pores. Posterior naris (a single pore) located on anterior rim of preorbital, adjacent to base of tubiform anterior naris; premaxillary pedicels reach well past rear margins of orbits. Expanded eyestalk not exceptionally long and slender. Eye without a distal ring of translucent spots or dermal flaps. Upper lip fimbriae usually 13 to 17. Two to 4 rows of scales on each side of nape anterior to first dorsal-fin spine base (midline of nape naked) (Ref.52855).
Burrows in soft sandy bottom, where it waits for prey, with only the eyes, nose and mouth protruding.
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Dawson, C.E., 1982. Atlantic sand stargazers (Pisces: Dactyloscopidae), with description of one new genus and seven new species. Bull. Mar. Sci. 32(1):14-85. (Ref. 27742)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.4 - 26.5, mean 24.1 °C (based on 100 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
