Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ökologie
seewasser; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 1 - 320 m (Ref. 58302). Tropical
Indo-Pacific: Japan and northwestern Hawaiian Is., east and west coast of Australia, Rapa and Easter Is.; and from the Gulf of California to Peru.
Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm FL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 7097); common length : 30.0 cm Fl Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 9283)
Adults are pelagic (Ref. 58302), in oceanic and inshore waters (Ref. 9563) forming schools (Ref. 9283). They feed mainly on planktonic invertebrates (Ref. 9283). Marketed fresh and salted or dried (Ref. 9283).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Edwards, A., 1990. Fish and fisheries of Saint Helena Island. Centre for Tropical Coastal Management Studies, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, England. (Ref. 5288)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell; Köder: usually
Tools
Zusatzinformationen
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Internet Quellen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.1 - 28.1, mean 23.6 °C (based on 1345 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01230 (0.00628 - 0.02410), b=2.97 (2.81 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 481 [159, 1,454] mg/100g; Iron = 4.95 [1.76, 11.62] mg/100g; Protein = 19.9 [18.5, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.369 [0.177, 0.790] g/100g; Selenium = 98.4 [31.3, 289.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15 [4, 62] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.28 [0.72, 2.35] mg/100g (wet weight);