Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 340 m (Ref. 58302). Temperate
Southeast Atlantic. Indo-West Pacific: southwestern Africa to Japan and the central Pacific.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 36.4 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 47377); common length : 31.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 2272)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 46 - 55; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 37 - 40. Body color silvery-white, the membranes of the dorsal and anal fins black. Dorsal and anal fin very high, with scaly sheaths at its bases. No rays of the dorsal and anal fins thicker than their neighbors. Dorsal fin inserted above the posterior part of the eye. Attain 40 cm SL.
Juveniles probably found up to a depth of 200 m (Ref. 4388).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Gomes, J., 1990. Bramidae. p. 758-764. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNCT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4936)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.5 - 27.8, mean 22.5 °C (based on 797 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01820 (0.00782 - 0.04232), b=2.96 (2.76 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).