Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; air tawar bentopelagis; pH range: 6.5 - 7.5; dH range: 6 - ?. Tropical; 23°C - 34°C (Ref. 40602)
South America: Magdalena, Atrato, Sinú, and San Juan River basins in Colombia.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 125980); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 326.80 g (Ref. 125980)
In swamps and lakes; can be very abundant; not esteemed as food fish (Ref. 40602). Both parents defend eggs and larvae (Ref. 40602).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Spawn up to 800 oval eggs of 1.2 mm diameter on flat substrate; both parents defend eggs and larvae (Ref. 40602).
Kullander, S.O., 2003. Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36377)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: tidak ada kepentingan; Akuarium: Bernilai komersial tinggi
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02630 (0.01430 - 0.04837), b=3.11 (2.95 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Fec=800).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).