Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي; آب شيرين; لب شور موجوداتی که در محدوده وسیعی از آبهای آزاد از نزدیک بستر و یا روی کف بستر، در قسمت های میان آبی تا سطح آب و در برخی گونه ها با قابلیت پرواز، زندگی و تغذیه می کنند.; هردو رو; تغييرات عمق 0 - 5 m (Ref. 86942). Tropical; 20°C - 28°C (Ref. 13614)
Indo-West Pacific: Sulawesi, Indonesia to western and eastern Australia and New Caledonia.
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 48637)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 7 - 12; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 16; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 4; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 15 - 16. Greenish or silvery; individuals greater than 4 cm SL with 7 to 12 narrow dark vertical bars on dorsal half of flanks and with spots, usually smaller than eye, more or less arranged in vertical rows in ventral half; lips black; posterior edge of caudal fin and soft portions of anal and dorsal fins with a narrow black margin which disappear in individuals larger than 6 cm SL (Ref. 43044).
Found in coastal estuaries, river entrances and rock pools (Ref. 9002, 44894). Inhabits mangrove creeks and the lower reaches of freshwater streams (Ref. 44894). Anterolateral glandular groove with venom gland (Ref. 57406). Sometimes sold fresh in markets (Ref. 43044). Juveniles collected for the aquarium trade (Ref. 43044).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)
Kottelat, M., 2001. Scatophagidae. Scats. p. 3623-3626. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 43044)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك; آكواريوم: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.4 - 29.3, mean 28.4 °C (based on 2076 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.8125 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02570 (0.01001 - 0.06601), b=2.96 (2.75 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
