Issue
Issue on validity of subspecies: subspecies considered as valid in FB, elevated to species rank as Oxyporhamphus micropterus (Valenciennes, 1847) in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Mar. 2011: Ref. 86697). Please send references, or more studies are needed.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
морской; мигрирует в океане (Ref. 51243); пределы глубины 0 - 1 m (Ref. 58302). Tropical; 20°N - 20°S
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Tonga, north to southern Japan (Ref. 33390). Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Peru (Ref. 9306). Replaced in the Atlantic by Oxyporhamphus similis.
Length at first maturity / Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm 12.8, range 13 - 13 cm
Max length : 18.5 cm SL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 9843)
колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 0; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 13 - 15; колючие лучи анального плавника: 0; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 13 - 16; позвонки: 47 - 50. Adults with a single large chamber to the swim bladder. Average number of gill rakers on the first arch, 30.7; predorsal scales, 31.1 on the average. Branchiostegal rays: 11-14 (Ref. 36576).
A true oceanic species, not bound to coastal waters at any period of its life (Ref. 9843).This species is the only halfbeak which doesn't have an extended lower jaw at the adult phase (Ref. 9306). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 36576).
Collette, B.B., 1986. Hemiramphidae. p. 388-391. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4164)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
дополнительная информация
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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ресурсы в Интернет
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.3 - 29.2, mean 27.9 °C (based on 25608 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00324 (0.00148 - 0.00710), b=3.08 (2.90 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.15 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
120179): высокий, минимальное время удвоения популяции до 15 месяцев (K=1.0).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).