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Teleostei >
Characiformes (Characins) >
Serrasalmidae (Piranhas and pacus) > Serrasalminae
Etymology: Serrasalmus: Latin, serran, serranus, saw and a fish of genus Serranus + Latin, salmo = salmon (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Issue
See Géry (1972: 227) and Merckx, Jégu & Santos (2000: 185) for detailed description. See
Jégu & Keith (1999) and Machado-Allison & Fink (1996:58) for detailed distribution. See Nico & Taphorn (1998: 316) for food habits.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 底中水层性; pH range: 5.8 - 7.0; dH range: ? - 10. 熱帶; 23°C - 27°C (Ref. 1672)
South America: Amazon and Orinoco River basins, north and eastern Guiana Shield rivers, and northeastern Brazilian coastal rivers.
南美洲: 亞馬遜河與奧里諾科河河流域, 北方與東方的圭亞那遮蔽河 , 與巴西東北部沿海的河川。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 41.5 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 36224); 最大体重: 3.8 kg (Ref. 121466)
Occurs in the rapids but is also captured in deep zones of main rivers with the use of fish bait. Is essentially a carnivore, feeds on small fish, crabs, mammals, lizards and coleopteran insects. Its opportunistic behavior allows it to adapt to various biotopes (Ref. 12225). It is timid and not aggressive but it possesses powerful dentition that can cause serious bites, and is therefore, potentially dangerous. Import is prohibited in some areas. However, the incorporation of this species in fish-based house security systems has been proposed (see Ref. 9506).
出现于急流但是也在主要河川藉着使用鱼诱饵的深区域被捕获。 一个食肉动物实质上是, 吃小鱼，螃蟹，哺乳动物，蜥蜴与鞘翅目昆虫。 它的随机行为让它适应各种不同的生存环境。 (参考文献 12225) 它是胆小的而不是侵略性但是它持有能引起严重的咬的有力的牙齿, 与是因此, 可能危险。 进口在一些地区被禁止。 然而，以鱼为基础的房子安全制度的这种的结合已经被提议。 (见参考文献 9506)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
南美洲: 亞馬遜河與奧里諾科河河流域, 北方與東方的圭亞那遮蔽河 , 與巴西東北部沿海的河川。
Jégu, M., 2003. Serrasalminae (Pacus and piranhas). p. 182-196. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 39031)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
最不相关 (LC) (Least Concern); Date assessed: 22 December 2020
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00826 - 0.02010), b=3.19 (3.06 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
