分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Umbrina: Latin, umbra, -ae = shadow, in the sense of phantom; due to its quick movements (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的. 熱帶
Western Atlantic: Greater Antilles (Hispaniola), except Cuba, and from Costa Rica to Colombia. Also Antilles (Ref. 26938).
西大西洋: 大安地列斯群島 (希斯盤紐拉島), 除了古巴以外, 與從哥斯大黎加到哥倫比亞。 也安地列斯群島.(參考文獻 26938)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3702); common length : 18.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3702)
Found in shallow sandy areas along beaches. Marketed fresh or salted, or sold for bait.
沿著海灘發現於水淺的沙地區域了。 在市場上銷售生鮮地了或者鹽醃的, 或賣作為餌料生物。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
西大西洋: 大安地列斯群島 (希斯盤紐拉島), 除了古巴以外, 與從哥斯大黎加到哥倫比亞。 也安地列斯群島.(參考文獻 26938)
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 誘餌: occasionally
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 27.2 - 28.3, mean 27.7 °C (based on 347 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00463 - 0.01795), b=3.08 (2.92 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
