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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Cynoscion: Greek, kyon = dog + Greek, odous = teeth + Greek, skion, skiaina = barbel, red mullet (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ginsburg.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক; ঈষৎ লোনা তলদেশ বিহারী. Subtropical; 30°N - 18°N, 98°W - 80°W
Western Atlantic: Florida, USA and Gulf of Mexico to Bay of Campeche, Mexico.
Length at first maturity / আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm 14.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 63.5 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 40637); common length : 35.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 3702); সবের্াচ্চ প্রকাশিত ওজন : 2.8 kg (Ref. 40637); সর্বোচ্চ উলি্ল্লখিত বয়স : 5 বৎসর (Ref. 58079)
পৃষ্ঠীয় কাঁটা (মোট ) : 9 - 11; পৃষ্ঠীয় নরম পাখনা দন্ড (মোট ) : 25 - 29; পায়ূ কাঁটা : 2; পায়ূর নরম পাখনা্তুন্ড: 10 - 12. Colour uniform silvery grey above, without conspicuous spots, silvery below. Pelvic and anal fins pale to yellowish. A faint dark area at bases and axial of pectoral fins. Inside opercle darkish, often visible externally. Mouth large, oblique, lower jaw slightly projecting. Upper jaw with a pair of large canine-like teeth at tip. Lower jaw with a row of widely spaced larger inner-row teeth, gradually increasing in size posteriorly. Chin without barbel or pore, snout with 2 marginal pores. Gas bladder with a pair of horn-like anterior appendages. Soft portion of dorsal fin with few small scales rows at base between soft fin rays (Ref 51721).
Occurs usually over sandy bottoms in shallow coastal waters, being relatively abundant in the surf zone. During summer months the fish move to their nursery and feeding grounds in river estuaries.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | প্রজনন | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | শুককীট
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
মৎস্য: বাণিজ্যিক
হাতিয়ার
Special reports
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.4 - 27.1, mean 24.8 °C (based on 190 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00609 - 0.01719), b=3.06 (2.92 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): মাধ্যম , সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ১.৪-৪.৪ বৎসর (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 65.5 [35.9, 126.6] mg/100g; Iron = 1.01 [0.53, 1.76] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.6, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.372 [0.217, 0.586] g/100g; Selenium = 26.9 [14.2, 52.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16 [5, 55] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.64 [0.46, 0.93] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
