分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 40 - 250 m (Ref. 90102), usually ? - 110 m (Ref. 90102). 熱帶
Western Pacific: subtropical waters of Japan, ranging south into the China Seas, Taiwan and the Philippines.
印度-太平洋: 印度洋東至日本南部, 南至菲律賓，新幾內亞與印尼。 從夏威夷拍到照片了。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9710)
背棘 (總數) : 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 20 - 23; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 16 - 19.
Inhabit deep rocky reefs, generally between 120-190 m in the tropics (Ref. 9710), in the East Indies usually found below 110 m (Ref. 90102). Found in shallow, muddy open substrates with outcrops of reef or debris in sub-tropical waters (Ref. 48636). Often in aggregations (Ref. 9710). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205).
棲息於深的岩礁, 通常在熱帶中在 120-190 公尺之間.(參考文獻 9710) 發現於淺灘了, 泥濘的開放在亞熱帶水域中有礁或殘礫的露頭的底部.(參考文獻 48636) 常聚集成群。 (參考文獻 9710) 卵生的.(參考文獻 205)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).印度-太平洋: 印度洋東至日本南部, 南至菲律賓，新幾內亞與印尼。 從夏威夷拍到照片了。
Burgess, W.E., 1978. Butterflyfishes of the world. A monograph of the Family Chaetodontidae. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 4855)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 商業性
工具
特別的報告
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網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16 - 27.6, mean 23.9 °C (based on 330 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02239 (0.01117 - 0.04486), b=3.02 (2.85 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
