分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Scaridae (Parrotfishes)
鸚哥魚科 (Parrotfishes) > Sparisomatinae
Etymology: Sparisoma: Latin, sparus = a fish with a golden head + Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bonnaterre.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 3 - 50 m (Ref. 9710). 亞熱帶的; 34°N - 21°S, 98°W - 28°W (Ref. 55284)
Western Atlantic: southern Florida (USA), Bermuda, Bahamas, and throughout the Caribbean Sea to Brazil.
西大西洋: 佛羅里達南部 (美國) ，百慕達群島，巴哈馬, 與在加勒比海到巴西各處。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 16.3, range 18 - ? cm
Max length : 64.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3802); common length : 38.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3802); 最大体重: 1.6 kg (Ref. 26340)
背棘 (总数) : 9; 背的软条 (总数) : 10; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 9. Relationship between fork length (FL) and maximum body depth (D): D = 0.10 + 0.33(FL); FL = -0.40 + 3.06(D), for n = 79, length range (cm, FL) = 13.5-25.5 (Ref. 3191). A distinctive, colorful and abundant fish. Young adults and females with scales outlined in darker gray; often bright red below. Super males green, with bright yellow spot at upper edge of gill cover, yellow bar at base of tail, curved orange-yellow mark on caudal fin rays (Ref. 26938). Initial phase fish with a brown head, the scales of the upper two-thirds of the body with pale centers and dark brown edges, the lower third of body and fins bright red. Terminal phase males are green with three diagonal orange bands on upper half of head
尾叉长 (FL) 和最大的体高之间的关系:(D) D=0.10+0.33(FL); FL=-0.40 + 3.06(D), 对于 n=79, 长度范围 (公分, FL)=13.5-25.5.(参考文献 3191) 一个特殊的，色彩鲜艳的与丰富的鱼。 年青的成鱼而雌鱼有被的边缘的鳞片深灰色; 时常下面鲜红色的。 超级雄性绿色, 在鳃盖的上缘有鲜黄色的斑点, 在尾鳍鳍条上被弯曲橘黄色的标志的尾部的基底黄色的横带.(参考文献 26938) 初期阶段鱼具有一个褐色头部, 身体有的上面三分之二的鳞片灰白的中心与深褐色的边缘, 下面的身体中的第三与鳍鲜红色。 最后阶段雄性是在头部的上半部上绿色的有三条斜的橘色条纹
Inhabits coral reefs with clear water (Ref. 13628). Young may be found in seagrass beds and other heavily vegetated bottoms. Feeds mainly on soft algae, but has been observed to graze on live corals like, Montastraea annularis (Ref. 6496). Produces a significant amount of sediment through bioerosion using its strong beak-like jaws and constantly re-growing teeth (Ref. 6485). Protogynous; strictly diurnal, spends the night sleeping on the bottom (Ref. 5221). Found singly or small in small groups.
栖息于珊瑚礁，水质清澈的地方.(参考文献 13628) 幼鱼可能被发现于海草床与其他的长满植物的底部。 主要吃软的藻类, 但是已经被观察啃食活珊瑚例如 Montastraea annularis.(参考文献 6496) 产生一个穿过使用它的强鸟嘴形的颚与不断再成长的齿的生物侵蚀重要量的沉淀物。 (参考文献 6485) 雌性先熟的; 严格日行性, 在底部上度过夜晚睡眠.(参考文献 5221) 各别地发现或小的形成小群鱼群。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
The type of reproductive behavior is related to the color phase of the males involved. 西大西洋: 佛羅里達南部 (美國) ，百慕達群島，巴哈馬, 與在加勒比海到巴西各處。
Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez, 1992. Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD. (Ref. 5217)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.4 - 28, mean 27.2 °C (based on 206 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01349 (0.00883 - 0.02060), b=3.05 (2.92 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=9; k >0.30).
Prior r = 1.04, 95% CL = 0.68 - 1.56, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 23.5 [12.5, 48.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.649 [0.330, 1.159] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.0, 21.5] %; Omega3 = 0.152 [0.082, 0.269] g/100g; Selenium = 19 [9, 40] μg/100g; VitaminA = 21.8 [5.8, 80.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.943 [0.615, 1.606] mg/100g (wet weight);
