分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性. 亞熱帶的; 23°S - 27°S
Africa: restricted to the southern tributaries of the Limpopo, and the Incomati and Phongolo Rivers (Ref. 52193, 108777).
非洲: 凌波波河， Incomati 與澎哥洛河。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 58.5 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2801); 最大體重: 6.8 kg (Ref. 52193)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 4; 背的軟條 (總數) : 8; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 8.
A cool-water species not found below 600m altitude; occurs in deep pools and flowing waters of permanent rivers and in dams (Ref. 52193). It feeds primarily on algae in winter months and aquatic insects in summer months, but also takes mussels, snails, crabs and small fish (Ref. 52193). Breeds during spring and summer, males maturing at a smaller size (170 mm FL) than females (300 mm FL); females grow larger than males (Ref. 7248, 52193).
一個冷水魚種不在 600個公尺高度之下發現。 出現於永久性河川的深水池與流動水域與在水壩中。 主要吃藻類 (冬天數個月), 也捕食貽貝，蝸牛，螃蟹與小魚。 在春天與夏天期間進行繁殖, 超過雌性 (30 公分 FL) 雄姓在較小的體型 (17 公分 FL) 時成熟. 雌性生長大於雄性。 (參考文獻 7248) 為人類的一個食用魚.(參考文獻 4537)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
非洲: 凌波波河， Incomati 與澎哥洛河。
Skelton, P.H., 2001. A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Cape Town (South Africa): Struik Publishers, 395 p. (Ref. 52193)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 06 February 2017
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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網路資源
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.51 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).
