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Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Orcynopsis: Greek, orkynos, -ou = a kind of tunna + Greek, opsis = similar to (Ref. 45335).
محیط زیست: محیط زیست / منطقه آب و هوایی / تغييرات عمق / محدوده توزیع
بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور pelagic-neritic; اقیانوس رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 4 - ? m (Ref. 122150). Subtropical; 60°N - 13°S, 18°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Oslo, Norway south to Dakar, Senegal but the range is centered in the southern Mediterranean Sea. Not known from Madeira, the Canary Islands or Cape Verde.
طول در اولین بلوغ / اندازه / وزن / سن
بلوغ: Lm 75.0, range 70 - 80 cm
Max length : 130 cm FL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 168); common length : 90.0 cm FL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 168); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 13.1 kg (Ref. 168)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 12 - 14; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 12 - 15; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 14 - 16. Mouth rather large, upper jaw reaching to hind margin of eye. Laminae of olfactory rosette 25 to 28. Interpelvic process small and bifid. Body naked behind the well developed corselet. Swim bladder absent. Vertebrae 17 or 18 precaudal plus 19 to 21 caudal, total 37 to 39. Anterior three quarters of first dorsal fin black.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Adults are neritic, confined primarily to temperate waters, but juveniles may be encountered in waters of up to 30°C. Form small schools at the surface so that the first dorsal fin stands out of the water like that of sharks, also frequently associated with birds. Feed on small fishes, especially sardines, anchovies, jacks, mackerel, bogue and others. Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6769). Marketed canned or frozen.
A female weighing 5 or 6 kg may carry some 500 to 600,000 eggs which are spawned in portions.
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
تخمینها بر اساس مدلها
دمای ترجیحی (مرجع
123201): 12.5 - 23.5, mean 16.3 °C (based on 264 cells).
شاخص تنوع فیلوژنتیکی (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00458 - 0.01993), b=3.06 (2.89 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
سطح تروفیک (مرجع
69278): 4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items.
جهندگی (مرجع
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (Assuming tm<=4).
آسیبپذیری ماهیگیری (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (87 of 100).
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آسیبپذیری اقلیمی (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
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مواد مغذی (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 33 [17, 60] mg/100g; Iron = 1.32 [0.80, 2.24] mg/100g; Protein = 22.1 [21.0, 23.2] %; Omega3 = 0.458 [0.296, 0.716] g/100g; Selenium = 31.6 [18.4, 54.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.5 [4.3, 39.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.53 [0.39, 0.75] mg/100g (wet weight);