Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut batidemersal; kisaran kedalaman 200 - 600 m (Ref. 4329), usually 300 - 500 m (Ref. 7321). Deep-water; 37°N - 35°S
Western Atlantic: New Jersey, USA (Ref. 31632) and the northern Gulf of Mexico to northeastern South America (Ref. 9626). Eastern Atlantic: Gulf of Guinea to Agulhas Bank.
Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 23.5 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 115012); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 172.30 g (Ref. 115012)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 7; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 10; Duri dubur: 2; Sirip dubur lunak: 9. Membranous edge at the upper border of the gill cover is absent or poorly developed. No opercular spines. Caudal peduncle is short, body is deep (Ref. 31632). Specimens less than 8 cm SL with a dark band on peduncle at caudal base and a thin black ring on central part of peduncle (disappears in specimens greater than 11 cm SL) (Ref. 4329).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
A mesobenthic-pelagic species living mainly above the bottom (Ref. 31632). Found on the continental slope (Ref. 7321).
Gon, O., 1986. Apogonidae. p. 546-561. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4329)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: memiliki potensi kepentingan
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan
123201): 8.3 - 16.7, mean 11.5 °C (based on 122 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01349 (0.00847 - 0.02147), b=3.01 (2.87 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
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