分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Holocentriformes (Squirrelfishes, soldierfishes)
金眼鯛目 (Squirrelfishes, soldierfishes) >
Holocentridae (Squirrelfishes, soldierfishes)
金鱗魚科 (Squirrelfishes, soldierfishes) > Holocentrinae
Etymology: Holocentrus: Greek, holos = full + Greek, kentron = sting (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 180 m (Ref. 26938), usually 8 - 30 m (Ref. 3156). 亞熱帶的; 37°N - 25°S, 97°W - 13°E
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA and Bermuda to Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and throughout the West Indies and Caribbean shores (Ref. 3724). Eastern Atlantic: Sao Tome Island and Gabon to Angola (Ref. 51178) and St. Paul's Rocks, St. Helena and Ascension Island (Ref. 6537).
西大西洋: 美國北卡羅萊那州與百慕達群島到巴西, 包括墨西哥灣與在西印度群島與加勒比海的海岸各處.(參考文獻 3724) 東大西洋: 加彭，安哥拉，聖保羅岩礁，聖赫勒拿島與阿森松島.(參考文獻 6537)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 14.6 range ? - 16.64 cm
Max length : 61.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3634); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (總數) : 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 15 - 16; 臀棘: 4; 臀鰭軟條: 9 - 10. Tip of membranes of spinous dorsal fin reddish or translucent, not whitish; posterior margin of upper jaw reaching posterior margin of pupil (Ref. 13608). Spiny and soft parts of dorsal fin nearly separate, but connected by low membrane (Ref. 26938). Dull red or pinkish, sometimes blotched (Ref. 7251).
刺狀背鰭的薄膜的頂端淡紅或半透明的, 不是微白色; 上頜的後緣達到瞳孔的後緣。 (參考文獻 13608) 刺狀的與背鰭的軟棘部位幾乎分開, 但是被低薄膜連接.(參考文獻 26938) 暗紅色或略帶桃色的, 有時大斑點.(參考文獻 7251)
Occurs in shallow coral reefs, as well as deeper offshore waters (Ref. 3724). A nocturnal species, hiding in deep crevices or under coral ledges during the day; at night it usually moves over sand and grass beds, taking mainly crabs and other small crustaceans (Ref. 3634). Capable of producing sounds (Ref. 6537). Spawning documented as far north as North Carolina in May (Ref. 27549). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3724).
出現於水淺的珊瑚礁, 以及較深的離岸水域.(參考文獻 3724) 一個夜行的種, 藏在深的裂隙中或在珊瑚岩架下面在白天期間; 它通常移動沙子之上與草床, 主要地帶螃蟹與其他的小型甲殼動物在晚上。 (參考文獻 3634) 能夠發出聲音。 (參考文獻 6537) 在市場上銷售生鮮地了。 (參考文獻 3724)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
西大西洋: 美國北卡羅萊那州與百慕達群島到巴西, 包括墨西哥灣與在西印度群島與加勒比海的海岸各處.(參考文獻 3724) 東大西洋: 加彭，安哥拉，聖保羅岩礁，聖赫勒拿島與阿森松島.(參考文獻 6537)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.4 - 28, mean 26.1 °C (based on 472 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01622 (0.01297 - 0.02028), b=2.97 (2.91 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 21.1 [9.3, 54.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.544 [0.219, 1.093] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [18.0, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.231 [0.095, 0.539] g/100g; Selenium = 23.2 [12.7, 44.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 30.6 [10.8, 90.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.719 [0.446, 1.132] mg/100g (wet weight);
