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Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith, 1843)

Escolar
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Lepidocybium flavobrunneum   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Lepidocybium flavobrunneum
Picture by Cambraia Duarte, P.M.N. (c)ImagDOP

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Scombriformes (Mackerels) > Gempylidae (Snake mackerels)
Etymology: Lepidocybium: Greek, lepis = scale + Greek, kybion, -ou = tunna (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 底中水层性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 200 - 1100 m (Ref. 44037). 深水域; 50°N - 56°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 6181)

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Tropical and temperate seas of the World, but probably not occurring in the northern Indian Ocean. Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951). Eastern Atlantic: known from 13°N off Guinea to Lobutu, Angola (Ref. 10816).
熱帶與世界的溫帶海洋, 但是可能不出現在印度洋北部。 東大西洋: 已知來自 13 ° N 幾內亞外海到 Lobutu ,安哥拉了。 (參考文獻 10816)

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 6181); common length : 150 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 6181); 最大体重: 45.0 kg (Ref. 3403)

简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数) : 8 - 9; 背的软条 (总数) : 16 - 18; 臀棘: 1 - 2; 臀鳍软条: 12 - 14; 脊椎骨: 31. Body almost uniformly dark brown, becoming almost black with age. Pelvic fins well developed, with I spine and 5 soft rays (Ref. 9784). Prominent lateral keel on caudal peduncle, flanked by smaller accessory keels above and below (Ref. 26938).
身体几乎全黑褐色, 变成几乎黑色随着年龄。 腹鳍发展良好的, 与 I 棘与 5个软鳍条.(参考文献 9784) 突出的侧龙骨在尾梗上, 体侧有比较小的附属龙骨脊上面与下面.(参考文献 26938)

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Occurs mainly over the continental slope, down to 200 m and more (Ref. 6181). Migrates upward at night (Ref. 6181). Feeds on squid, crustaceans and a wide variety of fishes (Ref. 6181). Flesh oily and may have purgative properties (Ref. 9784). Sometimes caught by tuna long-liners (Ref. 26938). Marketed frozen and as fish cakes in Japan (Ref. 9302).

主要生存在大陆斜坡上, 向下至 200 公尺与更多.(参考文献 6181) 向上回游在晚上。 (参考文献 6181) 吃乌贼,甲壳动物与各式各样的鱼。 (参考文献 6181) 肉多油的而且可能有泻剂的成份.(参考文献 9784) 有时被鲔鱼延绳钓捕获了。 (参考文献 26938) 在市场上冷冻销售了与如鱼肉炸饼在日本.(参考文献 9302)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

熱帶與世界的溫帶海洋, 但是可能不出現在印度洋北部。 東大西洋: 已知來自 13 ° N 幾內亞外海到 Lobutu ,安哥拉了。 (參考文獻 10816)

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Parin, Nikolay V. | 合作者

Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 August 2012

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的





人类利用

渔业: 低经济
FAO - 渔业: landings; Publication: search | FIRMS - Stock assessments | FishSource | 周边海洋

更多信息

Trophic ecology
食物相
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
捕食者
Ecology
生态学
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
体长-频率
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
繁殖
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
仔鱼
稚鱼动力学
Distribution
国家
FAO区域
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标本纪录
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Anatomy
Gill areas
脑重体重比
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
游泳类型
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
鱼的声音
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
遗传学
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Human related
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水产养殖描述
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Stamps, coins, misc.
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References
参考文献

工具

特别资料

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网络资源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - 渔业: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因组, 核苷酸 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 国家资料库 | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | 参考资料的核实 | Socotra Atlas | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia: 转至, 搜寻 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 动物学的记录

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 7 - 14.4, mean 9.9 °C (based on 642 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.0000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00597 - 0.02312), b=2.98 (2.79 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  4.3   ±0.67 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming tm=4-5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 7.33 [3.81, 15.92] mg/100g; Iron = 0.279 [0.128, 0.578] mg/100g; Protein = 17.1 [14.9, 19.0] %; Omega3 = 0.33 [0.19, 0.60] g/100g; Selenium = 29.2 [12.6, 64.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.8 [2.8, 50.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.25 [0.17, 0.37] mg/100g (wet weight);