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Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) >
Molidae (Molas or Ocean Sunfishes)
Etymology: Masturus: Greek, mastax, -agos = bite + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά); Υφάλμυρο βαθυπελαγικό(ς); εύρος βάθους ? - 670 m (Ref. 36453). Deep-water; 37°N - 35°S
Circumglobal: In tropical to subtropical waters.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 337 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 6952); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 2.0 t (Ref. 4424)
Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 15 - 19; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 15 - 19. Dorsal and anal fins similar in shape, positioned far back on body (Ref 53035).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Tortonese, E., 1990. Molidae. p. 1077-1079. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6952)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.9 - 17.6, mean 12.1 °C (based on 390 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02455 (0.01018 - 0.05918), b=3.02 (2.81 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
