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Teleostei (teleosts) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes) > Symphurinae
Etymology: Symphurus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Quoy & Gaimard.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; brackish; demersal; depth range 1 - 86 m (Ref. 10879), usually 1 - 50 m (Ref. 10879). Tropical; 25°N - 40°S, 89°W - 30°W (Ref. 26268)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Caribbean (Cuba, Hispaniola and Puerto Rico), south to Uruguay.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 10879)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 91 - 102; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 77 - 86.

Occurs in brackish waters, bays and coves (Ref. 36453). Reported from depths between 247.05 and 274.5 m (Ref. 26912).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Munroe, T.A., 1991. Western Atlantic tonguefishes of the Symphurus plagusia complex (Cynoglossidae: Pleuronectiformes), with descriptions of two new species. Fish. Bull. 89(2):247-287. (Ref. 10879)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 August 2012

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

More information

Trophic ecology
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Ecology
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Anatomy
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 22.3 - 28, mean 27.3 °C (based on 542 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00407 (0.00340 - 0.00488), b=3.19 (3.14 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).

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