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Teleostei (teleosts) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes) > Symphurinae
Etymology: Symphurus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; brackish; demersal; depth range 1 - 100 m (Ref. 9294), usually 1 - 40 m (Ref. 9294). Tropical

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Eastern Central Pacific: Mexico to Ecuador.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 23.8 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 124487); common length : 13.5 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9294); max. published weight: 119.53 g (Ref. 124487)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 99 - 107; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 83 - 90; Vertebrae: 53 - 56.

Found on sandy and muddy areas, including estuaries (Ref. 9294).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Munroe, T.A., F. Krupp and M. Schneider, 1995. Cynoglossidae. Lenguas, lenguetas. p. 1039-1059. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9294)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 30 October 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: of no interest

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 23.3 - 29, mean 26.9 °C (based on 90 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00647 - 0.03228), b=3.05 (2.85 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.4 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resilience (Ref. 120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).

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