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Teleostei (teleosts) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Hippoglossina: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek, glossa = tongue (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Gilbert.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range ? - 140 m (Ref. 11482). Tropical; 32°N - 5°S, 116°W - 77°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Peru.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 36.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 55763); common length : 20.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 55763)

Found on the continental shelf and slope (Ref. 9330), on sand-mud bottoms (Ref. 11482). Utilized fresh or as fishmeal (Ref. 9330).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Amaoka, Kunio | Collaborators

Hensley, D.A., 1995. Paralichthyidae. Lenguados. p. 1349-1380. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9330)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 12 February 2021

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

Trophic ecology
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Ecology
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Population dynamics
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Life cycle
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Anatomy
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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 14.8 - 26.2, mean 19.4 °C (based on 72 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00346 - 0.01519), b=3.17 (2.99 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 154 [70, 280] mg/100g; Iron = 1.03 [0.50, 1.85] mg/100g; Protein = 16.8 [14.7, 18.8] %; Omega3 = 0.142 [0.069, 0.282] g/100g; Selenium = 67.8 [32.2, 144.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.8 [3.7, 45.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.92 [0.61, 1.34] mg/100g (wet weight);

Hippoglossina tetrophthalma (Gilbert, 1890)