Family Synanceiidae - Stonefishes | ||||
Order | : | Perciformes/Scorpaenoidei | ||
Class | : | Teleostei | ||
No. in FishBase | : | Genera : 9 | Species : 40 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes | ||
Environment | : | Fresh : Yes | Brackish : Yes | Marine : Yes | ||
Division | : | Marine | ||
Aquarium | : | show | ||
First Fossil Record | : | |||
Remark | : | Distribution: Indo-Pacific. No free pectoral rays; skin glands present, appearing as 'warts' in most species; dorsal fin with 11-17 spines and 4-14 soft rays; anal fin with 2-4 spines and 4-14 soft rays; pelvic fin with one spine and 3-5 soft rays; pectoral fin rays 11-10; vertebrae 23-30. Venom glands present near base of hypodermiclike dorsal fin spines. The neurotoxin of these fishes is the most deadly of the fish venoms and can be fatal to humans. Species camouflage as rocks. Mainly marine, but some species are known from rivers. We include here Nelson's (1994) Minoinae and Choridactylinae. | ||
Etymology | : | Greek, syn, sym = all together, united + Greek, agkos, -eos = curved, bent ( Ref. 45335). | ||
Reproductive guild | : | |||
Typical activity level | : | |||
Main Ref. | : | Nelson, J.S. 1994 | ||
Coordinator | : | |||
Deep Fin Classification | : | Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Neoteleostei | Eurypterygia | Ctenosquamata | Acanthomorphata | Acanthopterygii | Percomorphaceae | Eupercaria | | | Perciformes | Scorpaenoidei | | Synanceiidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Synanceiinae | ||||
Synanceia horrida (Linnaeus, 1766) | accepted | senior | new | |
Scorpaena horrida Linnaeus, 1766 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Synanceia horrid (Linnaeus, 1766) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Synanceja horrida (Linnaeus, 1766) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Synaneceiea horrida (Linnaeus, 1766) | synonym | senior | new | |
Synanceia trachynis Richardson, 1842 | synonym | junior | original | |
Synanceia verrucosa Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | accepted | senior | original | |
Synanceichthys verrucosa (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | synonym | senior | new | |
Synanceichthys verrucosus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Synaceia verrucosa Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Synanceja verrucosa Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Synancejia verrucosa Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Synancia verrucosa Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | senior | original | |
Scorpaena brachion Lacepède, 1801 | synonym | junior | original | |
Synanceia brachio Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | |
Synanceia thersites Seale, 1901 | synonym | junior | original | |
Synancidium horridum (non Linnaeus, 1758) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied | |
Synanceia horrida (non Linnaeus, 1766) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Synanceia platyrhynchus Bleeker, 1874 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Synanceia platyrhyncha Bleeker, 1874 | synonym | senior | original | |
Synanceia alula Eschmeyer & Rama-Rao, 1973 | accepted | senior | original | |
Synanceia nana Eschmeyer & Rama-Rao, 1973 | accepted | senior | original | |
Synanceia quinque Matsunuma, Manjaji- Matsumoto & Motomura, 2021 | accepted | senior | original | |
Erosa erosa (Cuvier, 1829) | accepted | senior | new | |
Synanceia erosa Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | senior | original | |
Trachicephalus uranoscopus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | accepted | senior | new | |
Synanceia uranoscopa Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | senior | original | |
Polycaulus uranoscopus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | synonym | senior | new | |
Leptosynanceia asteroblepa (Richardson, 1844) | accepted | senior | new | |
Synanceia asteroblepa Richardson, 1844 | synonym | senior | original | |
Pseudosynanceia melanostigma Day, 1875 | accepted | senior | original | |
Dampierosa daruma Whitley, 1932 | accepted | senior | original | |
Erosa daruma (Whitley, 1932) | synonym | senior | new | |
Choridactylinae | ||||
Choridactylus multibarbus Richardson, 1848 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Choridactylus multibarbis Richardson, 1848 | synonym | senior | original | |
Choridactylus natalensis (Gilchrist, 1902) | accepted | senior | new | |
Choridactylodes natalensis Gilchrist, 1902 | synonym | senior | original | |
Choridactylus striatus Mandrytsa, 1993 | accepted | senior | original | |
Choridactylus lineatus Poss & Mee, 1995 | accepted | senior | original | |
Inimicus japonicus (Cuvier, 1829) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pelor japonicum Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Inimicus japonica (Cuvier, 1829) | synonym | senior | new | |
Inimicus didactylus (Pallas, 1769) | accepted | senior | new | |
Scorpaena didactyla Pallas, 1769 | synonym | senior | original | |
Inimicus filamentosus (Cuvier, 1829) | accepted | senior | new | |
Inimicus dactylus Cornic, 1987 | ambiguous | other | original | |
Pelor filamentosum Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Pelor filamentosus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | senior | original | |
Inimicus sinensis (Valenciennes, 1833) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pelor sinense Valenciennes, 1833 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Pelor sinensis Valenciennes, 1833 | synonym | senior | original | |
Inimicus cuvieri (Gray, 1835) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pelors cuvieri Gray, 1835 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Inimicus cuvier (Gray, 1835) | synonym | senior | new | |
Inimicus brachyrhynchus (Bleeker, 1874) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pelor brachyrhynchus Bleeker, 1874 | synonym | senior | original | |
Inimicus caledonicus (Sauvage, 1878) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pelor caledonicum Sauvage, 1878 | synonym | senior | original | |
Pelor barbatus De Vis, 1884 | synonym | junior | original | |
Inimicus barbatus (De Vis, 1884) | synonym | junior | new | |
Inimicus joubini (Chevey, 1927) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chorismopelor joubini Chevey, 1927 | synonym | senior | original | |
Inimicus smirnovi Mandrytsa, 1990 | accepted | senior | original | |
Inimicus gruzovi Mandrytsa, 1991 | accepted | senior | original | |
Minoinae | ||||
Minous monodactylus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | accepted | senior | new | |
Scorpaena monodactyla Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | senior | original | |
Minous woora Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | |
Scorpaena biaculeata Kuhl & van Hasselt, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | |
Apistes russellii Swainson, 1839 | synonym | junior | original | |
Minous adamsii Richardson, 1848 | synonym | junior | original | |
Minous blochi Kaup, 1858 | synonym | junior | original | |
Minous oxycephalus Bleeker, 1876 | synonym | junior | original | |
Minous echigonius Jordan & Starks, 1904 | synonym | junior | original | |
Lycodermus satsumae Smith & Pope, 1906 | synonym | junior | original | |
Minous pusillus Temminck & Schlegel, 1843 | accepted | senior | original | |
Minous trachycephalus (Bleeker, 1855) | accepted | senior | new | |
Aploactis trachycephalus Bleeker, 1855 | synonym | senior | original | |
Corythobatus trachycephalus (Bleeker, 1855) | synonym | senior | new | |
Minous pictus (non Günther, 1880) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Minous inermis (non Alcock, 1889) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Minous pictus Günther, 1880 | accepted | senior | original | |
Minous coccineus (non Alcock, 1890) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Minous inermis Alcock, 1889 | accepted | senior | original | |
Minous longipinnis Lloyd, 1909 | synonym | junior | original | |
Minous coccineus Alcock, 1890 | accepted | senior | original | |
Minous superciliosus Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908 | synonym | junior | original | |
Minous trachycephalus (non Bleeker, 1855) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Minous longimanus Regan, 1908 | accepted | senior | original | |
Minous versicolor Ogilby, 1910 | accepted | senior | original | |
Minous quincarinatus (Fowler, 1943) | accepted | senior | new | |
Paraminous quincarinatus Fowler, 1943 | synonym | senior | original | |
Sebastes inermis (non Cuvier, 1829) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Minous inermis (non Alcock, 1889) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Minous dempsterae Eschmeyer, Hallacher & Rama-Rao, 1979 | accepted | senior | original | |
Minous andriashevi Mandrytsa, 1990 | accepted | senior | original | |
Minous usachevi Mandrytsa, 1993 | accepted | senior | original | |
Minous groeneveldi Matsunuma & Motomura, 2018 | accepted | senior | original | |
Minous pictus (non Günther, 1880) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Minous radiatus Matsunuma & Motomura, 2018 | accepted | senior | original | |
Minous pictus (non Günther, 1880) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Minous roseus Matsunuma & Motomura, 2018 | accepted | senior | original | |
Minous trachycephalus (non Bleeker, 1855) | misapplied | misapplied | original |