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Teleostei (teleosts) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Paralichthodidae (Peppered flounders)
Etymology: Paralichthodes: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, ichthys = fish + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 1 - 100 m (Ref. 6270). Subtropical

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Western Indian Ocean and Southeast Atlantic: known only from Delagoa Bay, Mozambique to Mossel Bay, South Africa.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 6270)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 67 - 74; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 47 - 54; Vertebrae: 31. Eyed side brownish grey with small dark spots, pectoral fin with 12-13 rays; blind side white, pectoral fin with 11 rays (Ref. 6270).

Inhabits sandy and muddy bottoms (Ref. 9665).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Heemstra, P.C., 1986. Pleuronectidae. p. 863-865. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smith's sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 6270)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 08 April 2021

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 18.7 - 24.8, mean 22.2 °C (based on 22 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00906 - 0.04395), b=3.01 (2.83 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.7 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Paralichthodes algoensis Gilchrist, 1902