Teleostei (teleosts) >
Perciformes/Notothenioidei (Icefishes) >
Nototheniidae (Cod icefishes) > Nototheniinae
Etymology: Notothenia: Greek, 'notos', ou; νοτος, ου), from the south + Greek, 'e 'eutheneia',as or 'euthenia', as (ευθενεια, ας; ευθενια, ας), abundance (P. Romero, pers.comm. 01/16); rossii: marmorata Greek marmor for marbled (Ref. 11892).
More on author: Richardson.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 5 - 350 m (Ref. 28106), usually 5 - 350 m (Ref. 28106). Polar; -1°C - 5°C (Ref. 28106); 45°S - 67°S, 75°W - 165°E
Southern Ocean: northern end of the Antarctic Peninsula, Scotia Arc, Prince Edward, Crozet, Kerguelen, Heard and Macquarie islands, and Ob' and Lena banks.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 49.3 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 92.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5179); common length : 50.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2121); max. published weight: 10.0 kg (Ref. 5179); max. reported age: 16 years (Ref. 28106)
The sexually immature members of the population stay in lesser depths, mainly in the shallow fjord bays. Yearlings feed mainly on mesozooplankton in the near surface zone (5-15 m). Immature and mature fish are benthic but stay in shallower depths (10-20 m). Sexually mature fish move out of the fjord to stay in the shelf zone. Spawn once a year (Ref. 89316). Maximum life span for males is 12 years (Ref. 28106).
Mature females may spawn for the first time from around 6-8 years of age (Ref. 71843).
Hureau, J.-C., 1985. Family Notothenidae - Antarctic rock cods. p. 323-385. In W. Fischer and J.C. Hureau (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Southern Ocean (Fishing areas 48, 58 and 88) (CCAMLR Convention Area). Rome, FAO. Vol. 2. (Ref. 2121)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
Tools
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.7 - 4.7, mean 2.1 °C (based on 140 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00589 (0.00480 - 0.00723), b=3.19 (3.13 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.56 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 8.5 (6.1 - 9.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 17
growth studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.10-0.16; tmax=16; Fec=19,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16.7 [10.3, 37.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.427 [0.187, 0.808] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [15.8, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.316 [0.187, 0.528] g/100g; Selenium = 18.1 [8.2, 38.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.2 [2.9, 56.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.35 [0.24, 0.52] mg/100g (wet weight);
