分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 底中水层性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 10 - 476 m (Ref. 39327), usually 10 - 100 m (Ref. 2700). 亞熱帶的
Circumglobal: tropical to temperate seas.
大西洋，印度洋與太平洋: 在熱帶與亞熱帶的水域中。 西大西洋: 加拿大紐芬蘭到巴西.(參考文獻 36453) 東大西洋: 奧克尼群島島與亞速群島到南非 (但是非常稀有的在北方中), 也在地中海中.(參考文獻 10001)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 61.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2850); 最大体重: 3.2 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 13 - 16; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 11 - 13. Adults dark green, brownish grey, or blue above, white below; juveniles with about 9 bars on back, from eye to dorsal fin; dark spots on front and middle of belly and on side near pectoral base in specimens less than 33 cm (Ref. 4919).
成鱼深绿色的，褐灰色，或蓝色的上方, 腹面白色的; 稚鱼有大约 9条横带背面, 从眼到背鳍; 腹面的在前面与中央上的深色的斑点而且在标本中的胸鳍基底附近的侧边上少于 33 公分.(参考文献 4919)
Primarily an oceanic (Ref. 2850, 2683), pelagic species but may enter estuaries (Ref. 4919). Feeds on crustaceans and squids (Ref. 10001). Suspected responsible for fatal poisoning (Ref. 4919). Should not be eaten (Ref. 36731).
主要地大洋性的 (参考文献 2850,2683), 大洋性鱼种但是可能进入河口.(参考文献 4919) 吃甲壳动物与乌贼。 (参考文献 10001) 可疑的是致命毒害的原因.(参考文献 4919) 不应该被吃。 (参考文献 36731)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 205).大西洋，印度洋與太平洋: 在熱帶與亞熱帶的水域中。 西大西洋: 加拿大紐芬蘭到巴西.(參考文獻 36453) 東大西洋: 奧克尼群島島與亞速群島到南非 (但是非常稀有的在北方中), 也在地中海中.(參考文獻 10001)
Schneider, W., 1990. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine resources of the Gulf of Guinea. Prepared and published with the support of the FAO Regional Office for Africa. Rome: FAO. 268 p. (Ref. 2683)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14 - 28.9, mean 26.1 °C (based on 5858 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00616 - 0.02045), b=2.91 (2.76 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.40 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 41 [14, 94] mg/100g; Iron = 0.904 [0.498, 2.058] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [16, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.406 [0.186, 0.815] g/100g; Selenium = 44.2 [23.0, 98.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22 [8, 61] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.628 [0.430, 0.889] mg/100g (wet weight);
