Guam country information

Common names: Milkfish
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: commercial | Ref: FAO Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Service, 1993
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: One of the commercially significant organisms introduced to the Pacific Islands (Ref. 9420).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/gq.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Bagarinao, T.U., 1991
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Chano, Ханос (=молочная рыба), 虱目鱼(遮目鱼), ... more

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Gonorynchiformes (Milkfishes) > Chanidae (Milkfish)
Etymology: Chanos: Greek, chanos, -eos, ous, and chasma, -atos = abyss, mouth opened, inmensity (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; Água doce; estuarina bentopelágico; anfídromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 1 - 30 m (Ref. 6898), usually ? - 15 m (Ref. 89972). Tropical; 15°C - 43°C (Ref. 43081); 46°N - 52°S, 19°E - 77°W

Distribuição Países | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: along continental shelves and around islands, where temperatures are greater than 20°C. Red Sea and South Africa to Hawaii and the Marquesas, north to Japan, south to Victoria, Australia. Eastern Pacific: San Pedro, California to the Galapagos.

Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: L_m 86.1, range 68 - 70 cm
Max length : 180 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 9710); 124.0 cm SL (female); common length : 100.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 9814); peso máx. publicado: 14.0 kg (Ref. 9814); idade máx. registrada: 15 anos (Ref. 9814)

Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 2; Raios dorsais (total) : 13 - 17; Espinhos anais: 2; Raios anais : 8 - 10; Vértebras: 46. This species is characterized by the following: body elongate and somewhat compressed; mouth small and toothless; single dorsal about mid-level of the body; pectoral fins falcate; caudal fin large and deeply forked; no scutes on belly; branchiostegal rays 4. Colour of the body olive green dorsally; flanks silvery; unpaired fins with dark margins (Ref. 49, 117228).

Adults are found in offshore marine waters and shallow coastal embayments, but also frequently enter estuaries and occasionally penetrate freshwater streams (Ref. 44894, 52331). They occur in small to large schools near the coasts or around islands where reefs are well developed. Eggs and larvae are pelagic up to 2-3 weeks. Older larvae migrate onshore and settle in coastal wetlands (mangroves, estuaries) during the juvenile stage, or occasionally enter freshwater lakes. Juveniles and sub-adults return to sea where they mature sexually. Mature adults spawn only in fully saline water. Larvae eat zooplankton; juveniles and adults eat cyanobacteria, soft algae, small benthic invertebrates, and even pelagic fish eggs and larvae. Larvae are collected from rivers and are grown in culture ponds into juveniles which are marketed fresh, smoked, canned or frozen. Brood stocks can be raised and spawned in captivity to produce larvae in the hatchery (Ref. 12868). This species can thrive and grow in water as hot as 32° C (Ref. 9987).

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Spawns in clear shallow waters above a bottom of sand or coral and at a distance of not more than 30 km from the shore. Females spawn up to 5 million eggs which hatch in about 24 hr. The larvae seek out clear coastal and estuarine waters warmer than 23°C with 10-32 salinity and abundant phytoplankton. Spawning and fertilization take place at night.

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Bagarinao, T., 1994. Systematics, distribution, genetics and life history of milkfish, Chanos chanos. Environ. Biol. Fishes 39(1):23-41. (Ref. 9814)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)

Segura ou pouco preocupante (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 June 2016

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

Harmless

Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: altamente comercial; Aquacultura: espécies comerciais; peixe esportivo: sim; isca: usually

FAO(Aquaculture systems: produção, perfil da espécie; pescarias: produção; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 20.7 - 29.2, mean 28.2 (based on 4182 cells).

Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00651 - 0.01113), b=3.06 (2.98 - 3.14), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278): 2.6 ±0.18 se; based on food items.

Resiliência (Ref. 120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (tm=4-8; tmax=15; Fec=200,000).

Prior r = 0.28, 95% CL = 0.19 - 0.42, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).

Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Chanos chanos (Fabricius, 1775)