FB-9185 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9185 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Perciformes/Serranoidei Epinephelidae Dermatolepis Dermatolepis dermatolepis (Boulenger, 1895) لُؤز جِلد Vestamerikansk læderbars Leather bass Mérou cuir Cabrilla cuero Cabrilla de cuero Cagaleche Mero coriaceo Mero cuero 条斑鳞鲻 Dermatolepis punctatus Gill, 1861 Epinephelus dermatolepis Boulenger, 1895 1994-03-09 1995-07-25 Eschmeyer, W.N.0 Catalog of the genera of recent fishes. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA. 697 p. (Ref. 1830) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) International Game Fish Association0 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall0 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) Crawford, R.0 World record game fishes 1993. The International Game Fish Association, Pompano Beach, Florida. (Ref. 6323) Heemstra, P.C.0 Serranidae. Meros, serranos, guasetas, enjambres, baquetas, indios, loros, gallinas, cabrillas, garropas. p. 1565-1613. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9342) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the University of British Columbia Fish Museum Fish Museum. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. (Ref. 10937) Reck, G.K.0 The coastal fisheries in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador: description and consequences for management in the context of marine environmental protection and regional development. Doctoral thesis, Univ. Kiel. 231 p. (Ref. 11295) Escobar-Fernández, R. and M. Siri0 Nombres vernáculos y científicos de los peces del Pacífico mexicano. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Sociedad Ictiológica Mexicana, A.C. Mexico. (Ref. 27736) Grove, J.S. and R.J. Lavenberg0 The fishes of the Galápagos Islands. Stanford University Press, Stanford, 863 p. (Ref. 28023) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Béarez, P.0 Lista de los peces marinos del Ecuador continental. Rev. Biol. Trop. 44(2):731-741. (Ref. 40498) IGFA0 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637) McCosker, J.E. and R.H. Rosenblatt0 Fishes collected at Malpelo Island. Smithson. Contrib. Zool. 176:91-93. (Ref. 41373) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Okey, T.A. and S.A. Sheperd0 Demersal fish assemblages at two depths (6 and 13 m) on Isabela and Fernandina Islands, Galapagos. Program BIOMAR, Charles Darwin Research Station, Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos. 13p. Manuscript. (Ref. 41880) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea and J.D. Williams0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. ix, 386 p. + 1 CD. (Ref. 52299) Craig, M.T., D.J. Pondella II, J.P.C. Franck and J.C. Hafner0 On the status of the serranid fish genus <i>Epinephelus</i>: evidence for paraphyly based upon 16S rDNA sequence. Mol. Phylo. Evol. 19(1):121-130. (Ref. 55244) Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff0 Reef fish community structure in the Tropical Eastern Pacific (Panamá): living on a relatively stable rocky reef environment. Helgol. Mar. Res. 60:287-305. (Ref. 57615) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Craig, M.T., YJ. Sadovy de Mitcheson and P.C. Heemstra0 Groupers of the world: a field and market guide. North America: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis Group, xix, 356 p., A47 pages appendix. (Ref. 89707) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) McCosker, J.E. and R.H. Rosenblatt0 The fishes of the Galápagos archipelago: An update. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 61[4(Suppl.2)]:167-195. (Ref. 94512) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) SCRFA, Science and Conservation of Fish Aggregations0 SCRFA database. Web online database. https://www.scrfa.org/database/: SCRFA. [2013-onwards]. (Ref. 118580) Grove, J.S., D.J. Long, D.R. Robertson and B.C. Victor0 List of fishes of the Galapagos Archipelago, Ecuador. J. Ocean Sci. Found. 39:14-22. (Ref. 127348) FB-pic-9185-5416 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1995-08-14 1996-05-20 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9185 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Deder_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Deder_u0.gif FB-pic-9185-11128 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-05-20 1996-05-21 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9185 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Deder_j0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Deder_j0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-9185 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1994-03-09 00:00:00 1995-07-25 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9185 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats A diurnal predator that feeds on small benthic fishes and occasionally on crustaceans. Often it uses browsing herbivorous fishes as a moving blind in order to feed on the cryptic fauna disturbed by these browsers; it will also follow foraging moray eels to catch the fishes frightened from their hiding places. Small juveniles have been seen hiding among the long spines of the dark-colored sea urchin, Centrostephanus coronatus. Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-DiagnosticDescr-9185 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-06-09 00:00:00 2013-08-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9185 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Distinguished by the following characteristics: body depth, 2.1-2.5 in SL; dorsal profile of head is steep; eye diameter less than snout length, 5.2-8.0 in HL; short pectoral fins, length 18-26% of SL; rounded caudal fin; smooth scales, mostly covered by skin; lateral line scales 62-67 (Ref. 089707). Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Morphology-9185 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-06-09 00:00:00 2013-08-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9185 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 18 - 20; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 9 Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Distribution-9185 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1994-03-09 00:00:00 2013-08-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9185 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Eastern Pacific: southern California, USA to Peru, including Revillagigedo and Galapagos Islands, Cocos Island, Clipperton Island. Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Uses-9185 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1994-03-09 00:00:00 1995-07-25 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9185 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: very high; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) Crawford, R. 1993 World record game fishes 1993. The International Game Fish Association, Pompano Beach, Florida. (Ref. 6323) FB-TrophicStrategy-9185 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 2000-06-20 00:00:00 2007-08-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public dermatolepis http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size A diurnal predator that feeds on small benthic fishes and occasionally on crustaceans. Often it uses browsing herbivorous fishes as a moving blind in order to feed on the cryptic fauna disturbed by these browsers; it will also follow foraging moray eels to catch the fishes frightened from their hiding places. Small juveniles have been seen hiding among the long spines of the dark-colored sea urchin, Centrostephanus coronatus. Preys upon the small cryptic benthic fishes that are disturbed when foraging grazers come to feed in an area (Ref. 28023). Grove, J.S. and R.J. Lavenberg 1997 The fishes of the Galápagos Islands. Stanford University Press, Stanford, 863 p. (Ref. 28023) FB-Size-9185 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1994-03-09 00:00:00 1995-07-25 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9185 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 100.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 5222)); max. published weight: 12.5 kg (Ref. 4699) Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-9185 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1994-03-09 00:00:00 1995-07-25 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9185 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution reef-associated; marine; depth range 21 - 40 m (Ref. 5222) Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)