FB-918 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=918 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Eupercaria/misc Caesionidae Caesio Caesio caerulaurea Lacepède, 1801 Hamerhai Balagbagan Ulach Rekin mlot a. glowomlot pospolity Cação-martelo Cambeba Cambeva Chapéu-armado Cornuda Cornudo Martelo Pata Peixe martelo Peixe-canga Peixe-cornudo Peixe-martelo Tubarão martelo liso Tubarão-martelo Gladde hamerkop Peshk çekiç Peshk karabinier Peshkkarabiner Peshku çekan Peshku çekiç Abou bornita Abu-garn Aqrun Iskandar Jarjur Jarjur al graram Awal Kuros na pating Tampugan Nga-man-than-woot Pesciu capellu Morgi pen morthwyl Almindelig hammerhaj Hammerhaj Gemeiner Hammerfisch Gemeiner Hammerhai Gewöhnlicher Hammerhai Glatter Hammerhai Hammerhai Meerschlägel Schlägelfisch Common hammerhead Common hammerhead shark Common smooth hammerhead shark Hammerhead Hammerhead shark Round headed hammerhead Round-headed hammer head shark Round-headed hammerhead Round-headed hammerhead shark Shark Smooth hammerhead Smooth Hammerhead Smooth hammerhead shark Smooth hammer-headed shark Harilik vasarhai Anan tave Vasarahai Cagnole Lou peï judiou Marteau Pantouflier Pantouflier lavaco Peï jouziou Peï martel Peïs judieú Requin marteau Requin marteau lisse Requin-marteau Requin-marteau commun Scroesna Anton Gboolue otooto Kan moosi Kaner કનેર  કાન મુસી  Mano kihikihi Patishan Jaram Capa a martiello Magniusa Magnosa Magnose Magnusa Martello Pei judiu Pesca martello Pesce carabiniere Pesce martello Pesce martiello Pescio scrossua Pisci carabbineri Pisci crozza Pisci marteddu Pisci matteddu Ribello Squalo martello Stampella Hiu caping Shiro-shumokuzame Variocha ವರಿಓಛ  귀상어 Chadayan Chattithalayan sravu Kombansurav കൊന്പന് സുരവ്  കൊന്വന് സ്റാവ് ചട്ടിത്തലയന് സ്റാവ് ചടയന് ചാടയന്  Kakere Mangopare Mango-pare Boat Boot Kan mushi Kaner Kaneri कनीर कनीरि कान मुशी बूत Jerong tenggiri Yu palang Yu parang Yu sanggul Yu tukul Yu bengkong Yu mata jauh Viko Kurazza Kurazza komuni Pixximartell молот-рыба Jaram Jaram mlat Mlat Mata'italiga Bodher-buther Miishaar Seefle Hammarhaj Hammerhaj Komban-sorrah கொம்பன் சுரா கொம்பன் சுறா   Koma sorrah Bingkungan Krusan Çekiç Cekiç baligi Çekiç balığı Cá Nhám búa Diarandoye Diengué Cabeza de martillo Cachona Carnuda Cornuda Corna Cornúa Cornuda cruz Cornuda prieta Cornudilla Cornuilla Gorrua Leunada Martell Martillo Medialuna Pez martillo Sarda de cachas Tailandano Tiburón martillo Tollo cruz Anton pa Atipatapata Binkugan Buntok martilyo Gladde hamerhaai Hamerhaai Hiu bingkoh Hiu capil Kladvenica Kodosan Korsan Martell Martelo Mbinguzi maigni Mbinguzi moizi Paterítsa Pateritza Pating Peixe-martelo Rechin ciocan Requin marteau Sarikan Sartji Tribon di cruz Zygaena Zygaina Zygena Αγριόψαρο Δεκανίκι Ζύγαινα Πατερίτσα Προπέλα Σφύρνα 丫髻鮫 丫髻鲛 双过仔 双髻鲨 Tai tse sha 牦头沙 錘頭雙髻鯊 锤头双髻鲨 Sphyrna lewini (non Griffith & Smith, 1834) Sphyrna mokarran (non Rüppell, 1837) Sphyrna zigaena (Linnaeus, 1758) Spyrna zygaena (Linnaeus, 1758) Squalis pictus Blainville, 1816 Squalus carolinensis Blainville, 1816 Squalus malleus (Valenciennes, 1822) Squalus zygaena Linnaeus, 1758 Zygaena malleus Valenciennes, 1822 Zygaena subarcuata Storer, 1848 Zygaena vulgaris Cloquet, 1830 Zyganna voracissima Billberg, 1833 1990-10-17 2023-06-14 Coppola, S.R., W. 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Muuse0 Compilation of names for demersal and pelagic fishes of Somalia. Personal communication [Accessed 11/08/2022]. (Ref. 127014) Fermon, Y., N. Bailly, F. Cardiec, R. Causse, E. Chartrain, L. Chirio, G. De Bruyne, P. Deynat, C.D. Hopkins, A. Lamboj, M.I. Mennesson, J.-H. Mve Beh, D. Paugy, B. Sidlauskas, J.P. Sullivan, J.-P. Van de Weghe, T.R. Vigliotta and Van der Zee0 An annotated checklist of the fishes of Gabon. Cybium 46(2-3):69-317. (Ref. 127434) CITES0 Appendices I, II and III valid from 11 January 2023 and 25 November 2023. UNEP. (Ref. 128078) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Santos, C.C. and R. Coelho0 Migrations and habitat use of the smooth hammerhead shark (<i>Sphyrna zygaena</i>) in the Atlantic Ocean. PLOS ONE 13(6):e0198664. (Ref. 129778) Kwei, E.A. and D.W. 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(Ref. 137500) FB-pic-917-4213 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1995-05-29 2008-07-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=917 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Spzyg_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Spzyg_u1.gif FB-pic-917-10446 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif Robbie N. Cada 1993-07-01 2008-06-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Image can be freely copied and altered, as long as original author and source are properly acknowledged. WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=917 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Spzyg_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Spzyg_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-917 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=917 Occurs inshore and well offshore (Ref. 5578), over continental and insular shelves (Ref. 244). Coastal, pelagic, and semi-oceanic, but often bottom associated at 1-139 m (Ref. 58302). Migrates northward in summer; young often in large aggregations of hundreds of individuals (Ref. 13562). Prefers to feed on small sharks, skates and stingrays, but also preys on bony fishes, shrimps, crabs, barnacles and cephalopods (Ref. 244). Viviparous (Ref. 50449). Regarded as being dangerous to people, though only few can be tentatively attributed to this species due to its occurrence in temperate waters (Ref. 244). Reported to cause poisoning (Ref. 4690). Caught occasionally by shark and tuna longline fisheries (Ref.58048). Meat utilized fresh, dried-salted, and possibly smoked for human consumption; liver oil for vitamins, fins for soup, hide for leather, and carcasses for fishmeal (Ref. 244). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). Become sexually mature when 250 to 300 cm long. The female gives birth to 30 - 40 young (Ref. 35388). Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244) FB-DiagnosticDescr-917 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1996-11-20 00:00:00 2024-03-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=917 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle A large hammerhead without a notch at the center of the curved headhead (Ref. 58085); but with prominent lateral indentations; prenarial grooves well-developed; snout short, 1/5 to less than a third of head width; mouth broadly arched (Ref. 114967); the first dorsal fin is moderately high, the second dorsal and pelvic fins are low. Colour olive-grey or dark grey above, white below, and the undersides of the pectoral fin tips dusky (Ref. 58085). Compagno, L.J.V., D. Dando and S. Fowler 2005 Sharks of the world. Princeton field guides. Harper Collins Publishing Ltd., London. 368 p. (Ref. 58085) FB-Morphology-917 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1996-11-20 00:00:00 2024-03-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=917 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 0 Compagno, L.J.V., D. Dando and S. Fowler 2005 Sharks of the world. Princeton field guides. Harper Collins Publishing Ltd., London. 368 p. (Ref. 58085) FB-Distribution-917 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2025-05-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=917 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Circumglobal: tropical to temperate seas. Rigby, C.L., R. Barreto, J. Carlson, D. Fernando, S. Fordham, K. Herman, R.W. Jabado, K.M. Liu, A. Marshall, N. Pacoureau, E. Romanov, R.B. Sherley and H. Winker 2019 <i>Sphyrna zygaena</i>. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T39388A2921825. (Ref. 137500) FB-Uses-917 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=917 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) Frimodt, C. 1995 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial warmwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9987) FB-Migration-917 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=917 Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Compagno, L.J.V. 1998 Sphyrnidae. Hammerhead and bonnethead sharks. p. 1361-1366. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO identification guide for fishery purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific Vol. 2. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 13562) FB-LifeCycle-917 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=917&StockCode=933 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Viviparous, placental (Ref. 50449), with 20 to 50 young per litter (Ref. 6871)after a gestation period of 10-11 months (Ref.58048). Size at birth between 50-60 cm TL (Ref. 13562). Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244) FB-TrophicStrategy-917 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1998-08-05 00:00:00 2025-06-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public zygaena http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology A carnivore (Ref. 9137). Smale, M.J. 1991 Occurrence and feeding of three shark species, <i>Carcharinus brachyurus, C. obscurus</i> and <i>Sphyrna zygaena</i>, on the eastern Cape coast of South Africa. S. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. 11:31-42. (Ref. 26971) FB-Size-917 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=917 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 500 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 35388)); max. published weight: 400.0 kg (Ref. 9987); max. reported age: 21 years (Ref. 116211) Muus, B.J. and J.G. Nielsen 1999 Sea fish. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Denmark. 340 p. (Ref. 35388) Frimodt, C. 1995 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial warmwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9987) CMFRI 2016 Annual report 2016-17. Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, 345 p. (Ref. 116211) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-917 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=917 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle pelagic-oceanic; oceanodromous (Ref. 13562); brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 200 m (Ref. 5578), usually 0 - 20 m (Ref. 55303) Compagno, L.J.V. 1998 Sphyrnidae. Hammerhead and bonnethead sharks. p. 1361-1366. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO identification guide for fishery purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific Vol. 2. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 13562) Compagno, L.J.V., D.A. Ebert and M.J. Smale 1989 Guide to the sharks and rays of southern Africa. New Holland (Publ.) Ltd., London. 158 p. (Ref. 5578) Florida Museum of Natural History 2005 Biological profiles: smooth hammerhead. Retrieved on 26 August 2005, from www.flmnh.ufl.edu/fish/Gallery/Descript/SmHammer/SmoothHammerhead.html. Ichthyology at the Florida Museum of Natural History: Education-Biological Profiles. FLMNH, University of Florida. (Ref. 55303)