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	<dc:identifier>FB-9053</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9053</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Beryciformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Melamphaidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Melamphaes</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Melamphaes leprus Ebeling, 1962</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>多耙孔头鲷</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>多耙孔頭鯛</commonName>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-06</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2011-11-09</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=63&amp;speccode=9053'>ASIH (American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists)0 Ontogeny and systematics of fishes. Based on an international symposium dedicated to the memory of Elbert Halvor Ahlstrom, 15-18 August 1983, La Jolla, California. Spec. Publ. Am. Soc. Ichthyol. Herpetol. 1:ix, 760 p. (Ref. 63)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4502&amp;speccode=9053'>Maul, G.E.0 Melamphaidae. p. 612-618. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4502)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=9053'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35509&amp;speccode=9053'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Intitut fur Seefischerei (ISH). BIOLAB Forschungsinstitut, Hohenwestedt, Germany. (Ref. 35509)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37108&amp;speccode=9053'>Cohen, D.M., A.W. Ebeling, T. Iwamoto, S.B. McDowell, N.B. Marshall, D.E. Rosen, P. Sonoda, W.H. Weed III and L.P. Woods0 Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Part six. New Haven, Sears Found. Mar. Res., Yale Univ. (Ref. 37108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=9053'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40919&amp;speccode=9053'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=47843&amp;speccode=9053'>Huang, Z.0 Marine species and their distribution in China's seas. p. 404-463. Vertebrata. Smithsonian Institution, Florida, USA. 598 p. (Ref. 47843)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51657&amp;speccode=9053'>Kotlyar, A.N.0 Family Melamphaidae Gill 1893, bigscales. Calif. Acad. Sci. Annotated Checklists of Fishes (29):11. (Ref. 51657)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58018&amp;speccode=9053'>Bogutskaya, N.G.0 Preliminary assignment of coordinates to type localities in the Catalog of Fishes. Unpublished dbf file. (Ref. 58018)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=9053'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=74511&amp;speccode=9053'>Yang, J., Z. Huang, S. Chen and Q. Li0 The Deep-Water Pelagic Fishes in the Area form Nansha Islands To the Northeast part of South China Sea. Science Publication Company, Beijing. 190 pp. (Ref. 74511)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=87970&amp;speccode=9053'>Kotlyar, A.N.0 Revision of genus &lt;i&gt;Melamphaes&lt;/i&gt; (Melamphaidae). II. Multi-raker species: &lt;i&gt;M. polylepis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;M. falsidicus&lt;/i&gt; sp. nova, &lt;i&gt;M. pachystomus&lt;/i&gt; sp. nova, &lt;i&gt;M. macrocephalus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;M. leprus&lt;/i&gt;. J. Ichthyol. 51(8):658-661. (Ref. 87970)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90062&amp;speccode=9053'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90261&amp;speccode=9053'>Kotlyar, A.N.0 Revision of genus &lt;i&gt;Melamphaes&lt;/i&gt; (Melamphaidae): Part 4. Multi-raker species: &lt;i&gt;M. ebelingi, M. occlusus&lt;/i&gt; sp. nova, and &lt;i&gt;M. nikolayi&lt;/i&gt; sp. nova. Vopr. Ikhtiol. 52 (3):279-287. J. Ichthyol. 52(4):247-254. (Ref. 90261)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=95632&amp;speccode=9053'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101110&amp;speccode=9053'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110)</reference>
	<reference isbn='978-92-5-133094-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=123424&amp;speccode=9053'>Sutton, T.T., P.A. Hulley, R. Wienerroither, D. Zaera-Perez and J.R. Paxton0 Identification guide to the mesopelagic fishes of the central and south east Atlantic Ocean. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. Rome: FAO, xvi+327 p. (Ref. 123424)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-9053</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2011-11-09 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9053</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>Adults found at depths of 15 - 300 meters (Ref. 51657).  Specimens captured by bottom trawling at 1550 m depth; reported night catches of juveniles at 150-300 m  depth and more (Ref. 87970).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=87970&amp;speccode=9053'>Kotlyar, A.N. 2011 Revision of genus &lt;i&gt;Melamphaes&lt;/i&gt; (Melamphaidae). II. Multi-raker species: &lt;i&gt;M. polylepis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;M. falsidicus&lt;/i&gt; sp. nova, &lt;i&gt;M. pachystomus&lt;/i&gt; sp. nova, &lt;i&gt;M. macrocephalus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;M. leprus&lt;/i&gt;. J. Ichthyol. 51(8):658-661. (Ref. 87970)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-9053</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Arlene G. Sampang-Reyes</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2001-03-15 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2011-11-09 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9053</dc:source>
	<dc:description>The species is characterized by the following:  gill rakers of first gill arch 21; vertebrae 27 (11 abdominal vertebrae); haemal arch of the first caudal vertebra without spur; D III,14-15; P 15; soft rays in ventral fin 7; ventral fin starts after the vertical line of the posterior margin of the pectoral fin basement; anal fin starts under the vertical line of the 3-4 ray of the dorsal fin (posterior end); operculum with 4 scales (Ref. 87970).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=87970&amp;speccode=9053'>Kotlyar, A.N. 2011 Revision of genus &lt;i&gt;Melamphaes&lt;/i&gt; (Melamphaidae). II. Multi-raker species: &lt;i&gt;M. polylepis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;M. falsidicus&lt;/i&gt; sp. nova, &lt;i&gt;M. pachystomus&lt;/i&gt; sp. nova, &lt;i&gt;M. macrocephalus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;M. leprus&lt;/i&gt;. J. Ichthyol. 51(8):658-661. (Ref. 87970)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-9053</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Arlene G. Sampang-Reyes</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2001-03-15 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2011-11-09 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9053</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 3; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14 - 15;  Analspines: 1; Analsoft rays: 8; Vertebrae: 27</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=87970&amp;speccode=9053'>Kotlyar, A.N. 2011 Revision of genus &lt;i&gt;Melamphaes&lt;/i&gt; (Melamphaidae). II. Multi-raker species: &lt;i&gt;M. polylepis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;M. falsidicus&lt;/i&gt; sp. nova, &lt;i&gt;M. pachystomus&lt;/i&gt; sp. nova, &lt;i&gt;M. macrocephalus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;M. leprus&lt;/i&gt;. J. Ichthyol. 51(8):658-661. (Ref. 87970)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-9053</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2011-11-09 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9053</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Eastern Atlantic:  tropical, mostly equatorial.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=87970&amp;speccode=9053'>Kotlyar, A.N. 2011 Revision of genus &lt;i&gt;Melamphaes&lt;/i&gt; (Melamphaidae). II. Multi-raker species: &lt;i&gt;M. polylepis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;M. falsidicus&lt;/i&gt; sp. nova, &lt;i&gt;M. pachystomus&lt;/i&gt; sp. nova, &lt;i&gt;M. macrocephalus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;M. leprus&lt;/i&gt;. J. Ichthyol. 51(8):658-661. (Ref. 87970)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-9053</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2011-11-09 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9053</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>11.3 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 87970))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=87970&amp;speccode=9053'>Kotlyar, A.N. 2011 Revision of genus &lt;i&gt;Melamphaes&lt;/i&gt; (Melamphaidae). II. Multi-raker species: &lt;i&gt;M. polylepis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;M. falsidicus&lt;/i&gt; sp. nova, &lt;i&gt;M. pachystomus&lt;/i&gt; sp. nova, &lt;i&gt;M. macrocephalus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;M. leprus&lt;/i&gt;. J. Ichthyol. 51(8):658-661. (Ref. 87970)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-9053</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2011-11-09 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9053</dc:source>
	<dc:description>bathypelagic; marine; depth range 150 - 350 m (Ref. 51657)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51657&amp;speccode=9053'>Kotlyar, A.N. 2004 Family Melamphaidae Gill 1893, bigscales. Calif. Acad. Sci. Annotated Checklists of Fishes (29):11. (Ref. 51657)</reference></dataObject>
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