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	<dc:identifier>FB-9024</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9024</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Notacanthiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Notacanthidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Polyacanthonotus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Polyacanthonotus africanus (Gilchrist &amp; von Bonde, 1924)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Ostnohřbetec africký</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Aafrika kammselg</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>非洲多刺背棘魚</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>非洲多刺背棘鱼</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Macdonaldia africana Gilchrist &amp; von Bonde, 1924</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Macdonaldia rostrata (non Collett, 1889)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Notacanthus rissoanus (non Filippi &amp; Vérany, 1857)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Polyacanthonotus vaillanti Fowler, 1934</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-06</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1996-02-07</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4449&amp;speccode=9024'>Sulak, K.J.0 Notacanthidae. p. 133-135. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4449)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6594&amp;speccode=9024'>Sulak, K.J.0 Notacanthidae. p. 195-196. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 6594)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=9024'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=9024'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-935868-82-8' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35563&amp;speccode=9024'>Moser, H.G. (ed.)0 The early stages of fishes in the California Current region. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Atlas No. 33. Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas. 1505 p. (Ref. 35563)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37108&amp;speccode=9024'>Cohen, D.M., A.W. Ebeling, T. Iwamoto, S.B. McDowell, N.B. Marshall, D.E. Rosen, P. Sonoda, W.H. Weed III and L.P. Woods0 Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Part six. New Haven, Sears Found. Mar. Res., Yale Univ. (Ref. 37108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=9024'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41414&amp;speccode=9024'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51054&amp;speccode=9024'>Hanel, L. and J. Novák0 České názvy zivočichů V. Ryby a rybovití obratlovci (Pisces) II., nozdratí (Sarcopterygii), paprskoploutví (Actinopterygii) [chrupavčití (Chondrostei), kostnatí (Neopterygii): kostlíni (Semionotiformes) - bezostní (Clupeiformes)]. Národní muzeum (zoologické odděleí), Praha. (Ref. 51054)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51907&amp;speccode=9024'>Haedrich, R.L. and N.R. Henderson0 Pelagic food of &lt;i&gt;Coryphaenoides armatus&lt;/i&gt;, a deep benthic rattail. Deep-Sea Res. 21:739-744. (Ref. 51907)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=9024'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=9024'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-9024</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Crispina B. Binohlan</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1996-02-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9024</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Found at bathyal and abyssal depths.  Feeds on benthic polychaetes, cnidarians, amphipods (Ref. 4449).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4449&amp;speccode=9024'>Sulak, K.J. 1990 Notacanthidae. p. 133-135. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4449)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-9024</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-12-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2005-01-24 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9024</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Off white, tan or grey in color, lateral line darker; soft rayed portion of anal dark brown (Ref. 6594).  Mouth bluish in front, black behind (Ref. 6594).  Opercular flap and underside of head bluish (Ref. 6594).  Broad separation of the anterior and posterior nostrils.  First dorsal spine well posterior to the root of the pectoral fin.  Large mouth, maxillary reaching the border of spectacle and much longer preoral snout (Ref. 37108).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6594&amp;speccode=9024'>Sulak, K.J. 1986 Notacanthidae. p. 195-196. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 6594)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-9024</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-12-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2005-01-24 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9024</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 2640; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6594&amp;speccode=9024'>Sulak, K.J. 1986 Notacanthidae. p. 195-196. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 6594)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-9024</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Crispina B. Binohlan</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2014-01-21 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9024</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Eastern Atlantic:  off Morocco, the Azores and Canary Islands and South Africa.  Western Atlantic:  New Jersey, USA to the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean.  The record from Davis Strait probably refers to Polyacanthonotus rissoanus.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4449&amp;speccode=9024'>Sulak, K.J. 1990 Notacanthidae. p. 133-135. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4449)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-TrophicStrategy-9024</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Drina Sta. Iglesia</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2000-12-12 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2000-12-12 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>africanus</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>Found at bathyal and abyssal depths. Feeds on benthic polychaetes, cnidarians, amphipods.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4449&amp;speccode=9024'>Sulak, K.J. 1990 Notacanthidae. p. 133-135. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4449)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-9024</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Crispina B. Binohlan</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1996-02-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9024</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>50.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 4449))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4449&amp;speccode=9024'>Sulak, K.J. 1990 Notacanthidae. p. 133-135. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4449)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-9024</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Crispina B. Binohlan</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1996-02-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9024</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>bathypelagic; marine; depth range 700 - 3000 m (Ref. 4449), usually 1500 - 2000 m (Ref. 4449)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4449&amp;speccode=9024'>Sulak, K.J. 1990 Notacanthidae. p. 133-135. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4449)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4449&amp;speccode=9024'>Sulak, K.J. 1990 Notacanthidae. p. 133-135. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4449)</reference></dataObject>
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