FB-8734 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8734 Animalia Chordata Dipneusti Ceratodontiformes Protopteridae Protopterus Protopterus aethiopicus Heckel, 1851 Mamba Prapletwiec wielki Samak el teen Samak el tin Umkoru Umm quru Bahník africký Bahník etiopský Bahník východoafrický Etiopisk lungefisk Äthiopischer Lungenfisch Östlicher Afrikanischer Lungenfisch Lungfish Lung-fish Marbled lungfish Suur ürguim Etiopiankeuhkokala Kambale mamba Kamongo Mamba Botonga Botonga wa liande Ehondwe Emamba Igolugolu Ilolondi Itotonga Kamongo Lot Lut Lût Luth Mbamba Monye Namomu Sombe Sombo Sompa 刚果非洲肺鱼 剛果非洲肺魚 埃塞俄比非洲肺魚 埃塞俄比非洲肺鱼 梅氏非洲肺魚 梅氏非洲肺鱼 Lepidosiren annectens (non Owen, 1839) Lepidosiren arnaudii Castelnau, 1855 Protopterus aethiopicus aethiopicus Heckel, 1851 Protopterus aethiopicus congicus Poll, 1961 Protopterus aethiopicus mesmaekeri Poll, 1961 Protopterus aethiopicus mesmaekersi Poll, 1961 1994-01-28 2024-01-29 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Duméril, A.0 Reptiles et poissons de l'Afrique occidentale. Étude précédée de considérations générales sur leur distribution géographique. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., Paris, 10:137-161, 241-268. (Ref. 461) Wheeler, A.0 Das grosse Buch der Fische. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co. Stuttgart. 356 p. (Ref. 557) Boulenger, G.A.0 Fourth contribution to the ichthyology of Lake Tanganyika. Report on the collection of fishes made by Dr. W.A. Cunnington during the Third Tanganyika Expedition, 1904-1905. Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. 17(6):537-600. (Ref. 1872) Boulenger, G.A.0 Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume I. Printed by order of the Trustees, London. 373 p. (Ref. 1878) Boulenger, G.A.0 Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume IV. London. 392 p. (Ref. 1880) Baensch, H.A. and R. Riehl0 Aquarien atlas. Bd. 3. 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Simms0 Movement and habitat use by the marbled lungfish <i>Protopterus aethiopicus</i> Heckel 1851 in Lake Baringo, Kenya. Hydrobiologia 537:229-238. (Ref. 129865) FB-pic-8734-13382 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-02-14 2010-07-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8734 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Praet_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Praet_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-8734 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-28 00:00:00 2024-01-29 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8734 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Adults inhabit river and lake fringes, swamps and floodplains (Ref. 28714). In the Lake Victoria basin found in open lakes and marginal swamps, while in the Lake Tanganyika basin only found near rivers and deltas (Ref. 4967). Juveniles occur in matted roots of papyrus (Ref. 34291). Adults able to survive in streams and swamps that are completely dry for long periods of the year, withstanding desiccation on floodplains by aestivating in cocoons until the next rains, breathing air by a small passage leading to the outside (Ref. 45484). Obligate air-breather (Ref. 126274) under laboratory conditions (Ref. 34291), but under certain conditions lungfish in the wild may not be obligate air-breathers and the use of aerial respiration may be a function of ecological as well as physiological factors (Ref. 58531). Mature individuals breed during the flood season (Ref. 28714). One or several females spawn in burrows which are dug and cleaned by the male, who later guards the eggs and the young. Principal diet of adults and sub-adults consists of mollusks, but small fishes and insects are also eaten in small quantities; young individuals less than 35 cm TL feed almost exclusively on insects (Ref. 34291). Gosse, J.-P. 1984 Protopteridae. p. 8-17. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). Volume I. ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. 410 p. (Ref. 3498) FB-DiagnosticDescr-8734 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 2000-06-22 00:00:00 2022-10-25 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8734 Smooth, slimy, cylindrical body with deeply embedded scales (Ref. 28714). Tail pointed and confluent with the long dorsal and anal fins; dorsal fin originating at an equal distance from eye and vent, or nearer to the latter; pectoral and pelvic fins slender and filamentous (Ref. 34290). Perpendicular from dorsal fin origin closer to posterior than to anterior limbs (Bailey 1994). 55-70 scales in a longitudinal series from immediately behind head to above vent; 40-50 scales around body (Ref. 4903, 45485). 37-40 pairs of ribs (Ref. 4903). Dentition consisting of upper and lower tooth plates in the form of sharp cutting ridges (Ref. 34290). Young fish with true external gills, but usually absent in specimens above 15 cm TL (Ref. 34290). Dark slate-grey above, yellowish-grey or pinkish below, often with numerous dark spots or flecks on fins and body; some specimens bright yellow ventrally; sensory canals on head and body outlined in black (Ref. 34290). van Oijen, M.J.P. 1995 Appendix I. Key to Lake Victoria fishes other than haplochromine cichlids. p. 209-300. In F. Witte and W.L.T. van Densen (eds.) Fish stocks and fisheries of Lake Victoria. A handbook for field observations. Samara Publishing Limited, Dyfed, Great Britain. (Ref. 34290) FB-Distribution-8734 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-28 00:00:00 2024-02-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8734 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Africa: subspecies Protopterus aethiopicus aethiopicus distributed in Nile basin and lakes Albert, Edward, Victoria, Nabugabo, Tanganyika, Kyoga and No (Ref. 3498), also in Lake Turkana (Ref. 52331). Subspecies P. a. congicus distributed in Congo basin, from Upper Lualaba to Kinshasa (Ref. 3498). Subspecies P. a. mesmaekersi distributed in Lower Congo River basin (Ref. 3498). Gosse, J.-P. 1984 Protopteridae. p. 8-17. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). Volume I. ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. 410 p. (Ref. 3498) FB-Uses-8734 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-28 00:00:00 2024-01-29 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8734 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: minor commercial Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FB-LifeCycle-8734 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tom Froese 1994-01-28 00:00:00 2024-01-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=8734&StockCode=9056 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Male parent prepares a pit or hole nest, in which more than one female may spawn; once eggs are laid, female leaves the nest and does not return; male guards eggs and young for nearly eight weeks; male not only attacks any would-be intruders but also constantly aerates the water in the nest (Ref. 4903). A multiple spawner (Ref. 41824). Baensch, H.A. and R. Riehl 1991 Aquarien atlas. Bd. 3. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 1104 p. (Ref. 2059) FB-TrophicStrategy-8734 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-03-25 00:00:00 2004-09-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ aethiopicus Inhabits rivers and lake fringes, swamps and floodplains (Ref. 28714). Adults and sub-adults occur in open water but they prefer shallow inshore regions, especially the vicinity of swamps (Ref. 34291). Generally becomes more active during the last hours of the day, its activity increases at dusk and probably continues during the night. During the day, this fish regularly leaves its site to approach the surface in order to breathe. It breaks the surface with its large mouth, filling its lungs with air, then allows itself to sink down. Food search involves mud-digging on open bottoms and taking up mouthfuls of dirt and algae which are then spat out (Ref. 42701). Bailey, R.G. 1994 Guide to the fishes of the River Nile in the Republic of the Sudan. J. Nat. Hist. 28:937-970. (Ref. 28714) FB-Size-8734 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-28 00:00:00 2024-01-29 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8734 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size 200 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 34290)); max. published weight: 17.0 kg (Ref. 13302) van Oijen, M.J.P. 1995 Appendix I. Key to Lake Victoria fishes other than haplochromine cichlids. p. 209-300. In F. Witte and W.L.T. van Densen (eds.) Fish stocks and fisheries of Lake Victoria. A handbook for field observations. Samara Publishing Limited, Dyfed, Great Britain. (Ref. 34290) Vakily, J.M. 1989 Les pêches dans la partie zaïroise du Lac Idi Amin: Analyse de la situation actuelle et potentiel de développement. Rapport Technique des Pêches au Zaïre. Gouvernement de la République du Zaïre, Département des Affaires Foncières, Environnement et Conservation de la Nature, et Commission des Communautés Européennes, Kinshasa/Brussels. 48 p. and Appendix. (Ref. 13302) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-8734-1395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2004-12-22 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=8734&StockCode=9056 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Eustrongylides Disease (larvae). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston 1973 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) FB-Diseases-8734-1415 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2004-12-22 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=8734&StockCode=9056 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Heterorchis Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston 1973 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) FB-Habitat-8734 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-28 00:00:00 2024-01-29 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8734 demersal; freshwater; depth range 0 - 60 m (Ref. 34291), usually 0 - 20 m (Ref. 34291) Witte, F. and W. de Winter 1995 Appendix II. Biology of the major fish species of Lake Victoria. p. 301-320. In F. Witte and W.L.T. Van Densen (eds.) Fish stocks and fisheries of Lake Victoria. A handbook for field observations. Samara Publishing Limited, Dyfed, Great Britain. (Ref. 34291) Witte, F. and W. de Winter 1995 Appendix II. Biology of the major fish species of Lake Victoria. p. 301-320. In F. Witte and W.L.T. Van Densen (eds.) Fish stocks and fisheries of Lake Victoria. A handbook for field observations. Samara Publishing Limited, Dyfed, Great Britain. (Ref. 34291)