<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><response xmlns="http://www.eol.org/transfer/content/0.1"
	xmlns:xsd="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
	xmlns:dc="https://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
	xmlns:dcterms="https://purl.org/dc/terms/"
	xmlns:geo="https://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#"
	xmlns:dwc="http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/dwcore/"
	xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.eol.org/transfer/content/0.1 http://services.eol.org/schema/content_0_2.xsd">
<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-873</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=873</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Elasmobranchii</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Carcharhiniformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Carcharhinidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Carcharhinus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Carcharhinus leucas (Valenciennes, 1839)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Cação-dente-liso</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='de'>Kleinzahn-Grundhai</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Eventooth shark</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Finetooth Shark</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Finetooth shark</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Night shark</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Shark</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Smoothtooth shark</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Võrdhambune hallhai</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Requin à petites dents</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Requin à petits dents</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Galano dientefino</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Tiburón de noche</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Tiburón dentiliso</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Fijntandhaai</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>長孔真鯊</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>长孔真鲨</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Aprionodon isodon (Valenciennes, 1839)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Aprionodon punctatus Gill, 1861</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Carcharias isodon Valenciennes, 1839</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1992-06-15</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-22</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='92-5-103623-3.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=171&amp;speccode=872'>Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=872'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=244&amp;speccode=872'>Compagno, L.J.V.0 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=276&amp;speccode=872'>Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174. (Ref. 276)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3018&amp;speccode=872'>Gonçalves, B.C.0 Peixes coligidos pela missão zoológica da Guiné (1945-1946). An. Junta Inv. Ultramar 10(4/1):115-163. (Ref. 3018)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=872'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6032&amp;speccode=872'>Bigelow, H.B. and W.C. Schroeder0 Sharks. p. 59-546. In J. Tee-Van, C.M. Breder, S.F. Hildebrand, A.E. Parr and W.C. Schroeder (eds.) Fishes of the Western North Atlantic. Part one. Lancelets, cyclostomes, sharks. Sears Foundation for Marine Research, Yale University, New Haven. 576 p. (Ref. 6032)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6821&amp;speccode=872'>Garrick, J.A.F.0 Additions to a revision of the shark genus &lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus&lt;/i&gt;: synonymy of &lt;i&gt;Aprionodon&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Hypoprion&lt;/i&gt;, and description of a new species of &lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus&lt;/i&gt; (Carcharhinidae). NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 34. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. 26 p. (Ref. 6821)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6823&amp;speccode=872'>Branstteter, S. and R.L. Shipp0 Occurrence of the finetooth shark, &lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus isodon&lt;/i&gt;, off Dauphin Island, Alabama. Fish. Bull. 78:177-179. (Ref. 6823)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6824&amp;speccode=872'>Poey, F.0 Enumeratio piscium Cubensium. An. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat. Madrid 5:373-404. (Ref. 6824)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6825&amp;speccode=872'>Manday, D.G.0 Guiá para los tiburones de aguas cubanas (con notas adicionales sobre los del Golfo de Mexico, Mar Caribe y Oceano Atlantico cerca de Cuba). Acad. Scienc. Cuba, Ser. Oceanol. 1. 61 p. (Ref. 6825)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=8613&amp;speccode=872'>Castro, J.I.0 The shark nursery of Bulls Bay, South Carolina, with a review of the shark nurseries of the southeastern coast of the United States. Environ. Biol. Fishes 38(1-3):37-48. (Ref. 8613)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=10311&amp;speccode=872'>Fritzsch, B. and P. Moller0 A history of electroreception. p. 39-55. In P. Moller (ed.) Electric fishes:history and behavior. Fish and Fisheries Series 17. Chapman &amp; Hall, London. (Ref. 10311)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=10731&amp;speccode=872'>Springer, S.0 Carcharinidae. p. 101-108. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post, and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 10731)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12818&amp;speccode=872'>Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=13186&amp;speccode=872'>Bonfil, R.0 Status of shark resources in the southern Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean: implications and management. Fish. Res. 29(2):101-117. (Ref. 13186)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26340&amp;speccode=872'>Claro, R.0 Características generales de la ictiofauna. p. 55-70. In R. Claro (ed.) Ecología de los peces marinos de Cuba. Instituto de Oceanología Academia de Ciencias de Cuba and Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo. (Ref. 26340)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26819&amp;speccode=872'>Lowe-McConnell, R.H.0 The fishes of the British Guiana continental shelf, Atlantic coast of South America, with notes on their natural history. J. Linn. Soc. Zool. (London) 44(301):667-700. (Ref. 26819)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27579&amp;speccode=872'>Demski, L.S. and R.G. Northcutt0 The brain and cranial nerves of the white shark: an evolutionary perspective. p. 121-130. In A.P. Klimley and D.G. Ainley (eds.) Great white sharks: the biology of &lt;i&gt;Carcharodon carcharias&lt;/i&gt;. (Ref. 27579)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=28075&amp;speccode=872'>Castro, J.I.0 The biology of the finetooth shark, &lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus isodon&lt;/i&gt;. Environ. Biol. Fishes 36(3):219-232. (Ref. 28075)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=30426&amp;speccode=872'>Randolph, S. and M. Snyder0 The seafood list: FDA's guide to acceptable market names for seafood sold in interstate commerce. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, USA. pag. var. (Ref. 30426)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31402&amp;speccode=872'>Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=872'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=33021&amp;speccode=872'>Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of November 1999. Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in November 1999. (Ref. 33021)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=33407&amp;speccode=872'>Ramjohn, D.D.0 Checklist of coastal and marine fishes of Trinidad and Tobago. Marine Fishery Analysis Unit, Fisheries Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Land and Marine Resources, Trinidad and Tobago. Fisheries Information Series 8, 151 p. (Ref. 33407)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=33559&amp;speccode=872'>Cortés, E.0 Standardized diet compositions and trophic levels of sharks. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 56:707-717. (Ref. 33559)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35205&amp;speccode=872'>Zaneveld, J.S.0 Caribbean Fish Life. Index to the local and scientific names of the marine fishes and fishlike invertebrates of the Caribbean area (Tropical Western Central Atlantic Ocean). E.J. Brill / Dr. W. Backhuys, Leiden, 163p. (Ref. 35205)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-8018-6048-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35766&amp;speccode=872'>Compagno, L.J.V.0 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=872'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41414&amp;speccode=872'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43312&amp;speccode=872'>Grace, M.0 Field guide to requiem sharks (Elasmobranchiomorphi: Carcharhinidae) of the western north Atlantic. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 153, 32 p. U.S. Dep. Commerce., Seattle, Washington. (Ref. 43312)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43454&amp;speccode=872'>Bor, P.H.F.0 Nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) van de wereld. World Wide Web electronic publication www.rajidae.tmfweb.nl, version (05/2002). (Ref. 43454)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=49961&amp;speccode=872'>Carlson, J.K., E. Cortés and M. Bethea0 Life history and population dynamics of the finetooth shark (&lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus isodon&lt;/i&gt;) in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Fish. Bull. 101(2):281-292. (Ref. 49961)</reference>
	<reference isbn='92-5-104825-8' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=50072&amp;speccode=872'>Compagno, L.J.V.0 Carcharhinidae. Requiem sharks (ground sharks, blue sharks, sharpnose sharks). p. 466-496. In K.E. Carpenter (ed.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Vol. 1: Introduction, molluscs, crustaceans, hagfishes, sharks, batoid fishes, and chimaeras. (Ref. 50072)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=50449&amp;speccode=872'>Dulvy, N.K. and J.D. Reynolds0 Evolutionary transitions among egg-laying, live-bearing and maternal inputs in sharks and rays. Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. B: Biol. Sci. 264:1309-1315. (Ref. 50449)</reference>
	<reference isbn='2-84138-145-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=50675&amp;speccode=872'>Louisy, P.0 Guide d'identification des poissons marins. Europe et Méditerranée. Paris: Eds. Eugène Ulmer. (Ref. 50675)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1-888569-61-1' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52299&amp;speccode=872'>Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea and J.D. Williams0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. ix, 386 p. + 1 CD. (Ref. 52299)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1-56098-985-8' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=54206&amp;speccode=872'>Claro, R. and L.R. Parenti0 The marine ichthyofauna of Cuba. p. 21-57. In Claro, R., K.C. Lindeman and L.R. Parenti (eds) Ecology of the marine fishes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press, Wahsington and London. 253p. (Ref. 54206)</reference>
	<reference isbn='9974-563-18-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=54736&amp;speccode=872'>Nión, H., C. Ríos and P. Meneses0 Peces del Uruguay: Lista sistemática y nombres comunes. Montevideo, DINARA, Infopesca. (Ref. 54736)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=55182&amp;speccode=872'>Florida Museum of Natural History0 Biological profiles: finetooth shark. Retrieved on 26 August 2005, from www.flmnh.ufl.edu/fish/Gallery/Descript/finetoothshark/finetoothshark.html. Ichthyology at the Florida Museum of Natural History: Education-Biological Profiles. FLMNH, University of Florida. (Ref. 55182)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=872'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58839&amp;speccode=872'>Menni, R.C. and L.O. Lucifora0 Condrictios de la Argentina y Uruguay. &lt;i&gt;ProBiota&lt;/i&gt;, FCNyM, UNLP, Serie Técnica-Didáctica, La Plata, Argentina, 11:1-15. (Ref. 58839)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=74429&amp;speccode=872'>George, M.R. and H. Zidowitz0 Checkliste der europäischen Knorpelfischarten mit wissenschaftlichen und deutschen Namen. Z. Fischk. Bd. 8 Heft 1/2:71-81. (Ref. 74429)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75549&amp;speccode=872'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=80860&amp;speccode=872'>Menezes, N.A., P.A. Buckup, J.L. Figueiredo and R.L. Moura0 Catálogo das espécies de peixes marinhos do Brasil. São Paulo. Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 160 pp. (Ref. 80860)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83882&amp;speccode=872'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=84466&amp;speccode=872'>Compagno, L.J.V.0 Carcharhinidae. p. 23-31. In J.C. Hureau and Th. Monod (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (CLOFNAM). UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 84466)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90062&amp;speccode=872'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=95632&amp;speccode=872'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=96293&amp;speccode=872'>Page, L.M., H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea, N.E. Mandrak, R.L. Mayden and J.S. Nelson0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada and Mexico, 7th edition. Bethesda, Maryland: American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 34, 384 p. (Ref. 96293)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101110&amp;speccode=872'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=103985&amp;speccode=872'>Anderson, A.B., A. Carvalho-Filho, R.A. Morais, L.T. Nunes, J.P. Quimbayo and S.R. Floeter0 Brazilian tropical fishes in their southern limit of distribution: checklist of Santa Catarina's rocky reef ichthyofauna, remarks and new records. CheckList 11(4):1-25. (Ref. 103985)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=872'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=106604&amp;speccode=872'>Weigmann, S.0 Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. J. Fish Biol. 88(1):1-201. (Ref. 106604)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115257&amp;speccode=872'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=118272&amp;speccode=872'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=118717&amp;speccode=872'>Tsuboi, M., W. van der Bijl, B.T. Kopperud, J. Erritzoe, K.L. Voje, A. Kotrschal, K.E. Yopak, S.P. Collin, A.N. Iwaniuk and N. Kolm0 Breakdown of brain-body allometry and the encephalization of birds and mammals. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 2:1495-1500. (Ref. 118717)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=127272&amp;speccode=872'>Pardo, S.A., A.B. Cooper, J.D. Reynolds and N.K. Dulvy0 Quantifying the known unknowns: estimating maximum intrinsic rate of population increase in the face of uncertainty. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 75(3):953-963. (Ref. 127272)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=127434&amp;speccode=872'>Fermon, Y., N. Bailly, F. Cardiec, R. Causse, E. Chartrain, L. Chirio, G. De Bruyne, P. Deynat, C.D. Hopkins, A. Lamboj, M.I. Mennesson, J.-H. Mve Beh, D. Paugy, B. Sidlauskas, J.P. Sullivan, J.-P. Van de Weghe, T.R. Vigliotta and Van der Zee0 An annotated checklist of the fishes of Gabon. Cybium 46(2-3):69-317. (Ref. 127434)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128078&amp;speccode=872'>CITES0 Appendices I, II and III valid from 11 January 2023 and 25 November 2023. UNEP. (Ref. 128078)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=131153&amp;speccode=872'>CITES0 Appendices I, II and III. UNEP. (Ref. 131153)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=132125&amp;speccode=872'>Ferragut-Perello, F., S. Ramirez-Amaro, A.C. Tsikliras, N. Petit-Marty, D. Dimarchopoulou0 Exploitation and conservation status of the thornback ray (&lt;i&gt;Raja clavata&lt;/i&gt;) in the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean). Fishes 8(2):117. (Ref. 132125)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-pic-872-4132</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage</dataType>
	<mimeType>image/gif</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.us/collaborators/CollaboratorSummary.php?id=823' logoURL='' role='photographer'> FAO</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1995-05-29</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1998-12-14</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged</dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=872</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description></dc:description>
	<mediaURL>http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Caiso_u0.gif</mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL>http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Caiso_u0.gif</thumbnailURL>
	<location></location></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-pic-872-11079</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage</dataType>
	<mimeType>image/gif</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.us/collaborators/CollaboratorSummary.php?id=823' logoURL='' role='photographer'> FAO</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-05-07</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1996-05-07</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged</dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=872</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description></dc:description>
	<mediaURL>http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Caiso_u1.gif</mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL>http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Caiso_u1.gif</thumbnailURL>
	<location></location></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-872</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Kent E. Carpenter</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-06-15 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-11-27 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=872</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Commonly found close inshore.  Forms large schools.  Feeds on small bony fishes and cephalopods.  Viviparous (with a yolk-sac placenta), 1 to 6 young per litter.  Size at birth 51 to 64 cm.  Presumably eaten fresh and dried salted.</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=244&amp;speccode=872'>Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-872</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=872</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA to Cuba, the Gulf of Mexico, and southern Brazil to Uruguay (Ref. 58839). Occurrence in the eastern Atlantic, specifically in Senegal and Guinea-Bissau, have not been confirmed and may be based on Carcharhinus brevipinna (Ref. 244, 127434).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=244&amp;speccode=872'>Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-872</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Kent E. Carpenter</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-06-15 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-11-27 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=872</dc:source>
	<dc:description>fisheries: minor commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='92-5-103623-3.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=171&amp;speccode=872'>Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-LifeCycle-872</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-06-15 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-11-27 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=872&amp;StockCode=888</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Viviparous, placental (Ref. 50449).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=872'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-872</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Kent E. Carpenter</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-06-15 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-11-27 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=872</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>200 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 106604))</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=106604&amp;speccode=872'>Weigmann, S. 2016 Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. J. Fish Biol. 88(1):1-201. (Ref. 106604)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>John E. Randall</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject></subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-872</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-06-15 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-11-27 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>John E. Randall</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=872</dc:source>
	<subject></subject>
	<dc:description>demersal; marine; depth range 0 - 20 m (Ref. 106604)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=106604&amp;speccode=872'>Weigmann, S. 2016 Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. J. Fish Biol. 88(1):1-201. (Ref. 106604)</reference></dataObject>
</taxon>
</response>