FB-7881 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7881 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Anguilliformes Muraenidae Gymnothorax Gymnothorax breedeni McCosker & Randall, 1977 Moreia de queixo preto Swartwang-bontpaling Muréna breedenova Sortkindet muræne Muräne Black cheek moray Blackcheek moray Masked moray Mustpõsk-silepeamureen Murène à pommettes noires Murène masquée Hooguro-utsubo Kalhu ven 布氏裸胸鱔 布氏裸胸鳝 1993-04-18 2014-09-22 Castle, P.H.J. and J.E. McCosker0 Muraenidae. p. 165-176. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3257) Fischer, W., I. Sousa, C. Silva, A. de Freitas, J.M. Poutiers, W. Schneider, T.C. Borges, J.P. Feral and A. Massinga0 Fichas FAO de identificaçao de espécies para actividades de pesca. Guia de campo das espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salobras de Moçambique. Publicaçao preparada em collaboraçao com o Instituto de Investigaçao Pesquiera de Moçambique, com financiamento do Projecto PNUD/FAO MOZ/86/030 e de NORAD. Roma, FAO. 1990. 424 p. (Ref. 5213) Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen0 Meeresfische der Welt - Groß-Indopazifische Region. Tetra Verlag, Herrenteich, Melle. 528 p. (Ref. 9137) Lieske, E. and R. Myers0 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710) McCosker, J.E. and J.E. Randall0 Three new species of Indo-Pacific moray eels (Pisces: Muraenidae). Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4 Ser. 41(3):161-168. (Ref. 10393) Randall, J.E. and J. van Egmond0 Marine fishes from the Seychelles: 108 new records. Zool. Verh. Leiden 297:43-83. (Ref. 10685) Randall, J.E. and C. Anderson0 Annotated checklist of the epipelagic and shore fishes of the Maldives Islands. Ichthyol. Bull. of the J.L.B. Smith Inst. of Ichthyol. (59):1-47. (Ref. 11303) Böhlke, E.B., J.E. McCosker and D.G. Smith0 Muraenidae. p. 1643-1657. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 12904) Winterbottom, R. and R.C. Anderson0 A revised checklist of the epipelagic and shore fishes of the Chagos Archipelago, Central Indian Ocean. Ichthyol. Bull. Smith. Inst. (66):1-28. (Ref. 27307) Randall, J.E.0 Randall's tank photos. Collection of 10,000 large-format photos (slides) of dead fishes. Unpublished. (Ref. 28618) Randall, J.E.0 Randall's underwater photos. Collection of almost 2,000 underwater photos (slides). Unpublished. (Ref. 28620) Allen, G.R. and P.L. Munday0 Kimbe Bay rapid ecological assessment: the coral reefs of Kimbe Bay (West New Britain, Papua New Guinea), Volume 3: Fish diversity of Kimbe Bay. The Nature Conservancy, South Pacific program Office, Auckland, New Zealand. 107 p. (Ref. 28888) Kuiter, R.H.0 Photo guide to fishes of the Maldives. Atoll Editions, Victoria, Australia. 257 p. (Ref. 30404) Allen, G.R. and R.C. Steene0 Fishes of Christmas Island Indian Ocean. Christmas Island Natural History Association, Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, 6798, Australia. 197 p. (Ref. 30874) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum (BPBM). Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai`I, 96817-0916 USA. (Ref. 31667) Charter, S.R. and H.G. Moser0 Muraenidae: morays. p. 88-91. In H.G. Moser (ed.) The early stages of fishes in the California Current region. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) Atlas No. 33. 1505 p. (Ref. 35581) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) Myers, R.F.0 Micronesian reef fishes: a comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of Micronesia, 3rd revised and expanded edition. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 330 p. (Ref. 37816) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Allen, G.R.0 Reef fishes of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. In T. Werner and G. Allen (eds). A rapid biodiversity assessment of the coral reefs of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. RAP Working Papers 11, Conservation International, Washington, D.C. (Ref. 41464) Hardy, J.D. Jr. (comp.)0 Coral reef fish species. NOAANational Oceanographic Data Center. NODC Coral Reef Data and Information Management System. USA. 537 p. (Ref. 48497) Hanel, L. and J. Novák0 České názvy zivočichů V. Ryby a rybovití obratlovci (Pisces) II., nozdratí (Sarcopterygii), paprskoploutví (Actinopterygii) [chrupavčití (Chondrostei), kostnatí (Neopterygii): kostlíni (Semionotiformes) - bezostní (Clupeiformes)]. Národní muzeum (zoologické odděleí), Praha. (Ref. 51054) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Taquet, M. and A. Diringer0 Poissons de l'Océan Indien et de la mer Rouge. Versailles (France): Éditions Quæ. 527 p. (Ref. 81519) Anderson, C. and A. Hafiz0 Common reef fishes of the Maldives. Part 2. Novelty Printers and Publishers, Male, Republic of Maldives. 85 p. (Ref. 81697) Bacchet, P., T. Zysman and Y. Lefèvre0 Guide des poissons de Tahiti et ses îles. Tahiti (Polynésie Francaise): Éditions Au Vent des Îles. 608 p. (Ref. 89972) Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann0 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102) Fricke, R., P. Durville, G. Bernardi, P. Borsa, G. Mou-Tham and P. Chabanet0 Checklist of the shore fishes of Europa Island, Mozambique Channel, southwestern Indian Ocean, including 302 new records. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, 6:247-276. (Ref. 93651) Wickel, J., A. Jamon, M. Pinault, P. Durville and P. Chabanet0 Composition et structure des peuplements ichtyologiques marins de l’île de Mayotte (sud-ouest de l’océan Indien). Cybium 38(3):179-203. (Ref. 97629) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868) FB-pic-7881-2879 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1995-02-10 1998-03-05 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7881 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Gybre_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Gybre_u0.jpg FB-pic-7881-13147 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1997-02-02 2010-07-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7881 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Gybre_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Gybre_u1.jpg FB-pic-7881-14378 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1997-04-20 2000-07-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7881 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Gybre_u2.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Gybre_u2.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-7881 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-04-18 00:00:00 2014-09-22 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7881 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Inhabits clear seaward reefs of oceanic islands to a depth over 25 m (Ref. 9710). Common on reef walls and steep slopes with holes (Ref. 30404). Inhabits porous coral rock which it shares with swarms of anthiases (Ref. 37816). Feeds on fishes and octopi (Ref. 89972). Territorial and will bite when provoked (Ref. 30404). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 9710. Castle, P.H.J. and J.E. McCosker 1986 Muraenidae. p. 165-176. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3257) FB-DiagnosticDescr-7881 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1996-11-12 00:00:00 2013-02-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7881 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Distinctive black patch mark below eye (Ref. 30404). Body brown, speckled darker; dark anus and gill opening (Ref. 3257).Description: Characterized by brown color with tan flecks; black diagonal band from eye to rear corner of mouth; body depth at gill opening about 14 in TL; origin of dorsal fin slightly anterior of gill opening; anus at about middle of the body; short canine teeth in upper jaw in single row; two elongate canines in median row at front of upper jaw; two rows of teeth on each side of front of lower jaw, three large canines in inner row; finely serrated teeth in jaws (Ref. 90102). Castle, P.H.J. and J.E. McCosker 1986 Muraenidae. p. 165-176. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3257) FB-Morphology-7881 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1996-11-12 00:00:00 2013-02-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7881 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Vertebrae: 128 - 131 Castle, P.H.J. and J.E. McCosker 1986 Muraenidae. p. 165-176. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3257) FB-Distribution-7881 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-04-18 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7881 Indo-Pacific: widespread in the Indian Ocean, ranging to some oceanic locations in the Pacific. Kuiter, R.H. 1998 Photo guide to fishes of the Maldives. Atoll Editions, Victoria, Australia. 257 p. (Ref. 30404) FB-Uses-7881 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-04-18 00:00:00 2014-09-22 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7881 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size fisheries: minor commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family FB-TrophicStrategy-7881 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2001-05-24 00:00:00 2001-05-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public breedeni http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Inhabits clear seaward reefs of oceanic islands to a depth over 25 m (Ref. 9710). Common on reef walls and steep slopes with holes (Ref. 30404). Inhabits porous coral rock which it shares with swarms of anthiases (Ref. 37816). Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen 1993 Meeresfische der Welt - Groß-Indopazifische Region. Tetra Verlag, Herrenteich, Melle. 528 p. (Ref. 9137) FB-Size-7881 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-04-18 00:00:00 2014-09-22 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7881 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 100.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 30874)) Allen, G.R. and R.C. Steene 1988 Fishes of Christmas Island Indian Ocean. Christmas Island Natural History Association, Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, 6798, Australia. 197 p. (Ref. 30874) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-7881 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-04-18 00:00:00 2014-09-22 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7881 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses reef-associated; marine; depth range 4 - 40 m (Ref. 30874), usually ? - 20 m (Ref. 30404) Allen, G.R. and R.C. Steene 1988 Fishes of Christmas Island Indian Ocean. Christmas Island Natural History Association, Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, 6798, Australia. 197 p. (Ref. 30874) Kuiter, R.H. 1998 Photo guide to fishes of the Maldives. Atoll Editions, Victoria, Australia. 257 p. (Ref. 30404)