FB-7547 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7547 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Anguilliformes Muraenidae Gymnothorax Gymnothorax moringa (Cuvier, 1829) Moringa cetkowana Aimoré Amoréia-pintada Caramuru Enguia Miroró Miroró pintado Moréia Moréia americana Moréia-pintada Moréia-verde Morongo Mororó Mussulina Mutuca Mututuca Sangrador Tororó Totoró Muréna poskvrněná Plettet muræne Common conger Common spotted moray Conger Conger eel Congo Eel Hamlet Moray eel Red moray Speckled moray Spotted moray Spotted Moray White cong White jawed moray White-chinned moray White-jawed moray eel Lapiline silepeamureen Täplämureena Murène tachetée Belut Belut-laut mori Morena Morena colorado Morena de mentón blanco Morena manchada Morena pintada Congla Culebra di awa Kolebra bobo Kongla 点纹裸胸鳝 紅裸胸鱔 红裸胸鳝 點紋裸胸鱔 Gymnothorax albimentis (Evermann & Marsh, 1900) Gymnothorax concolor (Abbott, 1860) Gymnothorax flavoscriptus Poey, 1876 Gymnothorax moringua (Cuvier, 1829) Gymnothorax picturatus Poey, 1880 Gymnothorax rostratus Agassiz, 1831 Lycodontis albimentis Evermann & Marsh, 1900 Lycodontis moringa (Cuvier, 1829) Muraena moringa Cuvier, 1829 Muraena punctata Gronow, 1854 Murenophis caramuru Castelnau, 1855 Murenophis curvilineata Castelnau, 1855 Sidera flavoscripta (Poey, 1876) Sidera moringa (Cuvier, 1829) Thyrsoidea concolor Abbott, 1860 1993-03-03 2018-09-06 Randall, J.E.0 Food habits of reef fishes of the West Indies. Stud. Trop. Oceanogr. Miami 5:665-847. (Ref. 33) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174. (Ref. 276) Eschmeyer, W.N.0 Catalog of the genera of recent fishes. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA. 697 p. (Ref. 1830) Hinegardner, R. and D.E. Rosen0 Cellular DNA content and the evolution of teleostean fishes. Am. Nat. 106(951):621-644. (Ref. 2209) Gobert, B.0 Relative production of coastal fisheries in Martinique. Aquat. Living Resour. 3:181-191. (Ref. 3229) Böhlke, J.E.0 Muraenidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Vol. 3, var. pag. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3255) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814) Smith, D.G. and E.B. Böhlke0 Muraenidae. p. 136-148. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4450) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez0 Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. 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Ryby a rybovití obratlovci (Pisces) II., nozdratí (Sarcopterygii), paprskoploutví (Actinopterygii) [chrupavčití (Chondrostei), kostnatí (Neopterygii): kostlíni (Semionotiformes) - bezostní (Clupeiformes)]. Národní muzeum (zoologické odděleí), Praha. (Ref. 51054) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Nahím, H.R. and F. Cervigón0 Peces del archipiélago Los Roques. Agencia Española de Cooperacíon Internacional. 304 p. (Ref. 51848) Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea and J.D. Williams0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. ix, 386 p. + 1 CD. (Ref. 52299) Claro, R. and L.R. Parenti0 The marine ichthyofauna of Cuba. p. 21-57. In Claro, R., K.C. Lindeman and L.R. Parenti (eds) Ecology of the marine fishes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press, Wahsington and London. 253p. (Ref. 54206) Young, R.F. and H.E. Winn0 Activity patterns, diet, and shelter site use for two species of moray eels, <i>Gymnothorax moringa</i> and <i>Gymnothorax vicinus</i>, in Belize. Copeia 2003(1):44-55. (Ref. 54519) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of May 2005. Database dump. Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in May 2005. (Ref. 54621) Frota, L.O., P.A.S. Costa and A.C. Braga0 Length-weight relationships of marine fishes from the central Brazilian coast. Naga, WorldFish Center Q. 27(1-2):20-26. (Ref. 55642) Floeter, S.R., J.L. Gasparini, L.A. Rocha, C.E.L. Ferreira, C.A. Rangel and B.M. Feitoza0 Brazilian reef fish fauna: checklist and remarks (updated Jan. 2003). Brazilian Reef Fish Project: www.brazilianreeffish.cjb.net. (Ref. 57756) Bernardes, R.Á., J.L. de Figueiredo, A.R. Rodrigues, L.G. Fischer, C.M. Vooren, M. Haimovici and C.L.D.B. Rossi-Wongtschowski0 Peixes de zona econômica exclusiva da região sudeste-sul do Brasil: Levantamento com armadilhas, pargueiras e rede de arrasto de fundo. São Paulo: Editora da Universidade de São Paulo. 295 p. (Ref. 57911) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen0 Biodiversity and living resources of the coral reef fishes in Vietnam marine waters. Science and Technology Publishing House, Hanoi. (Ref. 58534) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) de Boer, B., D. Hoogerwerf, I. Kristensen and J. Post0 Antillean fish guide. STINAPA No. 7. Curaçao (Netherlands Antilles): Caribbean Marine Biological Institute. (Ref. 79544) Prokofiev, A.M. and E.I. Kukuev0 New findings of rare fish species from families <i>Mitsukurinidae (Chondrichthyes), Muraenidae, Lophiidae, Macrouridae, and Psychrolutidae (Teleostei) on raises of the Atlantic Ocean with the description of <i>Gymnothorax walvinsensis</i> sp. Nova. J. Ichthyol. 49(3):215-227. (Ref. 81023) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Feitoza, B.M., R.S. Rosa and L.A. Rocha0 Ecology and zoogeography of deep-reef fishes in Northeastern Brazil. Bull. Mar. Sci. 76(3):725-742. (Ref. 84211) Department of Fisheries Malaysia0 Valid local name of Malaysian marine fishes. Department of Fisheries Malaysia. Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry. 180 p. (Ref. 85449) Lubbock, R.0 The shore fishes of Ascension Island. J. Fish Biol. 17(3):283-303. (Ref. 86997) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) Macieira, R.M. and J.-C. Joyeux0 Length-weight relationships for rockpool fishes in Brazil. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 25(3):358-359. (Ref. 91126) Wirtz, P., A. Brito, J.M. Falcón, R. Freitas, R. Fricke, V. Monteiro, F. Reiner and O. Tariche0 The coastal fishes of the Cape Verde Islands - new records and an annotated check-list. Spixiana 36(1):113-142. (Ref. 94080) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) Page, L.M., H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea, N.E. Mandrak, R.L. Mayden and J.S. Nelson0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada and Mexico, 7th edition. Bethesda, Maryland: American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 34, 384 p. (Ref. 96293) Wirtz, P., J. Bingeman, J. Bingeman, R. Fricke, T.J. Hook and J. Young0 The fishes of Ascension Island, central Atlantic Ocean: new records and an annotated checklist. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 97(4):783-798. (Ref. 98447) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) Pimiento, C., E. Monaco, A.B. Barbour and B.R. Silliman0 Predation on speared red lionfish, <i>Pterois volitans</i>, by spotted moray, <i>Gymnothorax moringa</i>. Florida Scientist 391-394. (Ref. 118228) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Harborne, A.0 Fish and coral species lists compiled by Coral Cay Conservation: Belize 1990-1998. Coral Cay Conservation, 26p. (Ref. 128811) Chapman, M.R. and D.L. Kramer0 Movements of fishes within and among fringing coral reefs in Barbados. Environ. Biol. Fish. 57:11-24. (Ref. 129542) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-7547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Liza Q. Agustin 1993-03-03 00:00:00 2018-09-06 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7547 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size A benthic and solitary species (Ref. 26340) abundant in shallow rocky and grassy areas and on coral reefs; less common in turbid bays or harbors. Its bite is very dangerous (Ref. 5217). Active during the day, sometimes together with other predators. Feeds on fish and crustaceans (Ref. 42064). Usually seen with its head protruding from a hole and the rest of its body concealed (Ref. 26938). Observed to be unusually aggressive towards man (Ref. 86997). It has been traded as aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392). Marketed fresh and salted (Ref. 5217). Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-DiagnosticDescr-7547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Grace Tolentino Pablico 2001-01-15 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7547 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Moderate-size moray with a pattern of distinct small, round, overlapping dark brownish to purplish-black spots on white or pale yellow background (Ref. 26938). Smith, C.L. 1997 National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p. (Ref. 26938) FB-Distribution-7547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Liza Q. Agustin 1993-03-03 00:00:00 2023-12-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7547 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA and Bermuda to Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean to southeastern Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Ascension and St. Helena (Ref. 4450). Mid- and eastern Atlantic islands (Ref. 26938). Böhlke, J.E. 1978 Muraenidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Vol. 3, var. pag. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3255) FB-Uses-7547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Liza Q. Agustin 1993-03-03 00:00:00 2018-09-06 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7547 fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family Cervigón, F. and W. Fischer 1979 INFOPESCA. Catálogo de especies marinas de interes economico actual o potencial para América Latina. Parte 1. Atlántico centro y suroccidental. FAO/UNDP, SIC/79/1. 372 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 6077) Monteiro-Neto, C., F.E.A. Cunha, M.C. Nottingham, M.E. Araújo, I.L. Rosa and G.M.L. Barros 2003 Analysis of the marine ornamental fish trade at Ceará State, northeast Brazil. Biodivers. Conserv. 12:1287-1295. (Ref. 49392) FB-LifeCycle-7547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1993-03-03 00:00:00 2018-09-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=7547&StockCode=7851 Spawning migrations, leptocephalus larvae. Carvalho-Filho, A. 1999 Peixes: costa Brasileira. 3rd ed. Melro, São Paulo. 320 p. (Ref. 42064) FB-TrophicStrategy-7547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1993-07-09 00:00:00 2018-09-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public moringa http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Nocturnal (Ref. 118228). A benthic and solitary species (Ref. 26340) abundant in shallow rocky and grassy areas and on coral reefs; less common in turbid bays or harbors. Its bite is very dangerous (Ref. 5217). Cleaned by Pederson's cleaner shrimp (Periclimenes pedersoni) and goby (Gobiosoma evelynae and others) as observed on the coral reefs in Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles (Ref. 36810, 58534). Prefers to move and feed both on calm and inclement nights; fish consumption was higher though on inclement nights. Specializes on crabs as prey (Ref. 54519). Typically hidden during the day, often seen with their protruding heads from holes in the reef. Forages mainly in open seagrass beds. Documented for the first time to attack and swallow whole (within 10 to 15s) an injured adult red lionfish without being enticed (Ref. 118228). Randall, J.E. 1967 Food habits of reef fishes of the West Indies. Stud. Trop. Oceanogr. Miami 5:665-847. (Ref. 33) FB-Size-7547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Liza Q. Agustin 1993-03-03 00:00:00 2018-09-06 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7547 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology 200 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 57911)); max. published weight: 2,510 g (Ref. 40637) Bernardes, R.Á., J.L. de Figueiredo, A.R. Rodrigues, L.G. Fischer, C.M. Vooren, M. Haimovici and C.L.D.B. Rossi-Wongtschowski 2005 Peixes de zona econômica exclusiva da região sudeste-sul do Brasil: Levantamento com armadilhas, pargueiras e rede de arrasto de fundo. São Paulo: Editora da Universidade de São Paulo. 295 p. (Ref. 57911) IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-7547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Liza Q. Agustin 1993-03-03 00:00:00 2018-09-06 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7547 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses reef-associated; marine; depth range 0 - 200 m (Ref. 9710), usually 0 - 35 m (Ref. 40849) Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710) Gasparini, J.L. and S.R. Floeter 2001 The shore fishes of Trindade Island, western South Atlantic. J. Nat. Hist. 35:1639-1656. (Ref. 40849)