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	<dc:identifier>FB-69744</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69744</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Cyprinodontiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Aphaniidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Paraphanius</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Paraphanius alexandri (Akşiray, 1948)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Fine-spined skate</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Fijngestekelde rog</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Raja microtrachys Osburn &amp; Nichols, 1916</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>2022-06-29</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2022-06-29</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='0-8018-6048-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35766&amp;speccode=69753'>Compagno, L.J.V.0 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43454&amp;speccode=69753'>Bor, P.H.F.0 Nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) van de wereld. World Wide Web electronic publication www.rajidae.tmfweb.nl, version (05/2002). (Ref. 43454)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126515&amp;speccode=69753'>Knuckey, J.D.S. and D.A. Ebert0 A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: &lt;i&gt;Bathyraja Ishiyama&lt;/i&gt;). Zootaxa 5142(1):1-89. (Ref. 126515)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-69753</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2022-07-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-19 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69753</dc:source>
	<dc:description>This species inhabits perhaps the deepest waters and prefer low temperature, high oxygen environments compared to its congeners. Little is known about the diet of this species, except noted to consume deep-water shrimps. Based on materials examined, size at maturity for males is at least 64-75 cm TL and 60-70 cm TL for females; with reported size at birth to be about 17 cm TL.  Egg cases are small (7.9-8.1 cm TL), dark golden brown in colour, coarsely striated with irregular rasp-like denticles, making it rough to the touch. Horns at the corners with the anterior ones robust at base, but flatten towards tips and the tips curve dorsally and back towards the egg case (Ref. 126515).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126515&amp;speccode=69753'>Knuckey, J.D.S. and D.A. Ebert 2022 A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: &lt;i&gt;Bathyraja Ishiyama&lt;/i&gt;). Zootaxa 5142(1):1-89. (Ref. 126515)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-69753</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2022-07-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2022-07-06 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69753</dc:source>
	<dc:description>This moderate sized, rhomboidal skates (91.0 cm TL), with disc length (41.5-51.1% TL), head moderately long (18.3-21.2% TL), internarial distance large (7.3-8.7% TL) is distinguished by the following: claspers short and robust, tip rounded, with very large pseudosiphon and a long, slender pseudorhipidion nearly reaching the tip, V-shaped cleft, no projection; teeth in 23-30 rows on upper jaw and 11-22 rows on lower jaw; pectoral radials 61-74; pelvic fins 14; total vertebrae 130; its dorsal surface evenly covered in fine prickles; thorns on dorsal surface, males with alar thorns, but without malar thorns, middorsal, nuchal, and scapular thorns absent, tail thorns high in number (19-26); interdorsal thorns weak to obsolete (0-1). Colouration: dorsal uniformly brown, usually darker at the margins while ventral is white, brown pectorals and pelvic fins (Ref. 126515).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126515&amp;speccode=69753'>Knuckey, J.D.S. and D.A. Ebert 2022 A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: &lt;i&gt;Bathyraja Ishiyama&lt;/i&gt;). Zootaxa 5142(1):1-89. (Ref. 126515)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-69753</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2022-07-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69753</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Northeastern Pacific: from British Columbia, south to the Gulf of California</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126515&amp;speccode=69753'>Knuckey, J.D.S. and D.A. Ebert 2022 A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: &lt;i&gt;Bathyraja Ishiyama&lt;/i&gt;). Zootaxa 5142(1):1-89. (Ref. 126515)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-69753</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2022-07-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-19 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69753</dc:source>
	<dc:description>fisheries: of no interest</dc:description>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-69753</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2022-07-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-19 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69753</dc:source>
	<dc:description>75.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 126515))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126515&amp;speccode=69753'>Knuckey, J.D.S. and D.A. Ebert 2022 A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: &lt;i&gt;Bathyraja Ishiyama&lt;/i&gt;). Zootaxa 5142(1):1-89. (Ref. 126515)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-69753</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2022-07-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-19 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69753</dc:source>
	<dc:description>bathydemersal; marine; depth range 1995 - 3000 m (Ref. 126515), usually 2000 - 3000 m (Ref. 126515)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126515&amp;speccode=69753'>Knuckey, J.D.S. and D.A. Ebert 2022 A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: &lt;i&gt;Bathyraja Ishiyama&lt;/i&gt;). Zootaxa 5142(1):1-89. (Ref. 126515)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126515&amp;speccode=69753'>Knuckey, J.D.S. and D.A. Ebert 2022 A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: &lt;i&gt;Bathyraja Ishiyama&lt;/i&gt;). Zootaxa 5142(1):1-89. (Ref. 126515)</reference></dataObject>
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