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	<dc:identifier>FB-68227</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68227</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Elasmobranchii</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Myliobatiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Dasyatidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Hemitrygon</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Hemitrygon longicauda (Last &amp; White, 2013)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Baraka"s whipray</commonName>
	<dcterms:created>2017-05-31</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-03-29</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=111065&amp;speccode=68238'>Last, P.R., S.V. Bogorodsky and T.J. Alpermann0 &lt;i&gt;Maculabatis ambigua&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov., a new whipray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from the Western Indian Ocean. Zootaxa 4154(1):66-78. (Ref. 111065)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=114953&amp;speccode=68238'>Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor0 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-68238</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2017-06-07 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-07-25 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68238</dc:source>
	<dc:description>A typical inhabitant of soft substrata and are trawled in shallow water (Ref. 111065).  Biology unknown (Ref. 114953).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=111065&amp;speccode=68238'>Last, P.R., S.V. Bogorodsky and T.J. Alpermann 2016 &lt;i&gt;Maculabatis ambigua&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov., a new whipray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from the Western Indian Ocean. Zootaxa 4154(1):66-78. (Ref. 111065)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-68238</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2017-06-07 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-11-15 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68238</dc:source>
	<dc:description>This species is distinguished by the following set of characters:  rhomboidal disc with its axis of greatest width well forward, snout tip to maximum disc width 37% (35-39%) DW; short preorbital snout with small apical lobe, rather obtuse, snout angle 121-127°; pectoral-fin apices are narrowly rounded, angle 86-92°; orbits are moderately small, protruding slightly; mouth relatively narrow, its width 6.2-7.0% DW; small pelvic fins, length 17-19% DW, width across base 13-14% DW; preoral snout length is 2.8-3.1 times internasal width, 19-21% DW, interorbital distance 2.0-2.2 times orbit length, prenasal length 2.2-2.4 times internasal width; subcircular tail with longitudinal ventral groove is behind caudal sting; tail weakly depressed posteriorly, with longitudinal lateral ridge on each side in subadults; an enlarged, seed-shaped, suprascapular thorn usually followed by up to 5 much smaller primary denticles in adults (suprascapular thorn may be preceded by a few much smaller primary denticles in early juveniles); a band of secondary denticles suboval (in subadults), very broad (its width across scapulocoracoid much narrower than its width at spiracles), with sharply-defined lateral margins, broad and semi-truncate near tail base; band fully developed and covering entire dorsal surface of tail by 49 cm DW; colour of dorsal surface mainly uniformly brownish, disc margin paler brown dorsally and ventral disc uniformly whitish, not obviously black edged; in subadults, darker dorsal surface of tail is sharply demarcated from slightly paler ventral surface (median furrow dark and contrasted with skin adjacent); in juveniles, the dorsal post-sting tail has conspicuous, alternating, black-and-white saddles that persist nearly to tail tip, ventral tail uniformly greyish; pectoral-fin radials 130-135; total vertebral count (excluding first synarcual centra) 108-116, monospondylous centra 44-46, pre-sting diplospondylous centra 64-67 (Ref. 111065).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=111065&amp;speccode=68238'>Last, P.R., S.V. Bogorodsky and T.J. Alpermann 2016 &lt;i&gt;Maculabatis ambigua&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov., a new whipray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from the Western Indian Ocean. Zootaxa 4154(1):66-78. (Ref. 111065)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-68238</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2017-06-07 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68238</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Western Indian Ocean:  Red Sea to Tanzania (Zanzibar).</dc:description>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=114953&amp;speccode=68238'>Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor 2016 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-68238</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2017-06-07 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-07-25 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68238</dc:source>
	<dc:description>90.0 cm WD (male/unsexed; (Ref. 111065)); 84 cm WD (female)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=111065&amp;speccode=68238'>Last, P.R., S.V. Bogorodsky and T.J. Alpermann 2016 &lt;i&gt;Maculabatis ambigua&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov., a new whipray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from the Western Indian Ocean. Zootaxa 4154(1):66-78. (Ref. 111065)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-68238</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2017-06-07 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-07-25 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68238</dc:source>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; marine; depth range 10 - 60 m (Ref. 111065)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=111065&amp;speccode=68238'>Last, P.R., S.V. Bogorodsky and T.J. Alpermann 2016 &lt;i&gt;Maculabatis ambigua&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov., a new whipray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from the Western Indian Ocean. Zootaxa 4154(1):66-78. (Ref. 111065)</reference></dataObject>
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