FB-6440 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Perciformes/Serranoidei Epinephelidae Epinephelus Epinephelus coeruleopunctatus (Bloch, 1790) Garoupa manchas Witkol-klipkabeljou Hamour Mishkhali Summan Baraka Inid Kigting Kugtung Lapu-lapu Pugapo Hvidplettet havaborre Garrupa Grouper Ocellated rockcod Ocellated rock-cod Reef cod Rock cod Seabass Snowy grouper Small-spotted cod Small-spotted rock cod Small-spotted rock-cod Whitespotted grouper White-spotted grouper White-spotted reef cod White-spotted reef-cod Whitespotted rockcod White-spotted rockcod kawakawa matanisiga Loche à taches blanches Mérou à taches blanches Mérou taches blanches Vieille cuisinier Lokos Liglig Hakuten-hata Chammam ചമ്മം ചാമ്മാം Kerapu Kerapu bintik putih Kerapu tenggarong Yaquuri Alatan Kaltang Kulapo Lapu lapu Lapu-lapu Lapu-lapung lupot Lubo Sigapo Cá Song chấm trắng Mero nevero Abo-abo Anîîlo Bantol Bato-bato Batol Bulang Fana Garopa metan makerek Geurape karet Iner Jahong Kakab Kalhu faana Kau kameta kolikoli Kiapu buntar tikolo Kugtong Kulapo kuhatong Kurapo Kurapu La Labungan Lilug Mamonbong Maskad Matkad Ogaw Okke tulareke Pugayo Salingukod Saukoton Shawang Sibog Subla Tabadlo Tangk-an Ting-ad Tingag Vieille plate faraud 油杉斑 瑩點石斑魚 石斑 莹点石斑鱼 蓝点石斑鱼 藍點石斑魚 过鱼 過魚 鱠 鲙 Epinephelus caeruleeopunctatus (Bloch, 1790) Epinephelus caeruleopunctatus (Bloch, 1790) Epinephelus caerulopunctatus (Bloch, 1790) Epinephelus hoevenii (Bleeker, 1849) Epinephelus ongus (non Bloch, 1790) Epinephelus summana (Fabricius, 1775) Holocentrus coeruleopunctatus Bloch, 1790 Serranus alboguttatus Valenciennes, 1828 Serranus dermochirus Valenciennes, 1830 Serranus flavoguttatus Peters, 1855 Serranus hoevenii Bleeker, 1849 Serranus kunhardtii Bleeker, 1851 1992-10-01 2024-12-01 Coppola, S.R., W. 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Umamaheswari and P. Padmavathy0 Length-weight relationships and Fulton’s Condition Factor (K) for 29 demersal reef fishes caught by longline. Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences 39:1263-1270. (Ref. 132229) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) Petit-Marty, N., M. Vázquez-Luis and I.E. Hendriks0 Use of the nucleotide diversity in COI mitochondrial gene as an early diagnostic of conservation status of animal species. Conserv. Lett. 14(1):1-7. (Ref. 138103) FB-pic-6440-2254 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1995-01-06 2010-07-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epcae_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epcae_u1.jpg FB-pic-6440-7297 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-01-12 1996-05-21 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epcae_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Epcae_u0.gif FB-pic-6440-9400 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-01 2001-07-31 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epcae_u3.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epcae_u3.jpg FB-pic-6440-9401 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-01 1999-06-28 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epcae_u4.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epcae_u4.jpg FB-pic-6440-9402 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-01 2000-11-07 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses 5 miles NE of Mombasa http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epcae_u5.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epcae_u5.jpg FB-pic-6440-9403 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-01 2000-11-07 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epcae_u6.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epcae_u6.jpg FB-pic-6440-9404 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-01 2000-11-07 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epcae_u7.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epcae_u7.jpg FB-pic-6440-9405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-01 2000-11-07 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size market http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epcae_u8.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epcae_u8.jpg FB-pic-6440-16141 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-12-26 1997-12-26 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epcae_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Epcae_u1.gif FB-GeneralDescr-6440 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-10-01 00:00:00 2024-12-01 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Occurs in rocky or coral-rich areas of deep lagoons, channels and outer reef slopes; usually in or near caves (Ref. 089707). Solitary (Ref 90102). Juveniles are found in tide pools. Feeds on fish and crustaceans (Ref. 6113). In Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253). Caught with hook-and-line, spear, and in traps and probably of some importance to fisheries in areas where it is common (Ref. 39231). Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-DiagnosticDescr-6440 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-06-10 00:00:00 2019-02-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases This species is distinguished by the following characters: body depth distinctly less than head length, 2.9-3.4 in SL (for specimens 11-47 cm SL); head length 2.3-2.5 in SL; head pointed, dorsal profile almost straight; preopercle rounded, finely serrate; opercular spines inconspicuous; upper edge of operculum straight, sinuous or slightly convex; maxilla naked, mostly covered by upper lip; small or absent canines at front of jaws; midlateral part of lower jaw with 3-5 rows of small teeth; gill rakers of first gill arch 8-10 + 13-17 in juveniles and 4-8 in upper limb for adults larger than 25 cm SL; adults with ctenoid scales on body in broad zone along middle of side, cycloid elsewhere and with numerous auxiliary scales; caudal fin rounded; pectoral fins large and fleshy, with 17-19 rays, the fin length 1.5-2.1 in HL; short pelvic fins, not reaching anus, 2.0-2.7 in head length. Colour of adults brownish grey, the body covered with small pale spots overlain with large pale blotches; oblique black saddle on rear half of peduncle; 4-5 indistinct black blotches at base of dorsal fin; prominent black streak on maxillary groove; large adults brownish, covered with small, indistinct, contiguous pale spots; juveniles (less than 25 cm) dark grey to black, covered with prominent pupil-size white spots and smaller white dots (Ref. 39231, 89707, 90102). Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1999 Serranidae. p. 2442-2547. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). Rome, FAO. 2069-2790 p. (Ref. 39231) FB-Morphology-6440 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-06-10 00:00:00 2019-02-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 15 - 17; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1999 Serranidae. p. 2442-2547. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). Rome, FAO. 2069-2790 p. (Ref. 39231) FB-Distribution-6440 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-10-01 00:00:00 2018-05-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Indo-Pacific: East Africa south to East London, South Africa Red Sea but not Persian Gulf to east to Fiji, Tonga (Ref. 53797). Record from northwestern Australia (Ref. 3132) is doubtful. Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Uses-6440 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-10-01 00:00:00 2024-12-01 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology fisheries: minor commercial; price category: very high; price reliability: questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this genus Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) FB-TrophicStrategy-6440 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1996-11-25 00:00:00 2018-05-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public coeruleopunctatus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Occur in rocky or coral-rich areas of deep lagoons, channels and outer reef slopes; usually in or near caves. Juveniles are found in tidepools. Feed on fish and crustaceans (Ref. 6113) with main food as benthic invertebrates >2 mm (Ref. 11889). Thollot, P. 1996 Les poissons de mangrove du lagon sud-ouest de Nouvelle-Calédonie. ORSTOM Éditions, Paris. (Ref. 11889) FB-Size-6440 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-10-01 00:00:00 2024-12-01 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 76.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 6492)) Grant, E.M. 1982 Guide to fishes. 5th edition. Dep. Harbours Mar., Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 896 p. (Ref. 6492) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-6440 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-10-01 00:00:00 2024-12-01 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6440 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy reef-associated; marine; depth range 2 - 65 m (Ref. 9710) Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710)