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	<dc:identifier>FB-6141</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6141</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Cypriniformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Cyprinidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Systomus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Systomus asoka (Kottelat &amp; Pethiyagoda, 1989)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Parmička asoka</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Parmička sitavacká</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Asoka barb</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Asoka Barb</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Asoka saagpuntius</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Asokabarbi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Asoka pethiya</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>阿苏无须魮</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>阿蘇無鬚魮</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Barbichthys asokae (Kottelat &amp; Pethiyagoda, 1989)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Barbus asoka (Kottelat &amp; Pethiyagoda, 1989)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Puntius asoka Kottelat &amp; Pethiyagoda, 1989</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1992-07-31</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2014-01-27</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2059&amp;speccode=6141'>Baensch, H.A. and R. Riehl0 Aquarien atlas. Bd. 3. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 1104 p. (Ref. 2059)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6028&amp;speccode=6141'>Pethiyagoda, R.0 Freshwater fishes of Sri Lanka. The Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo. 362 p. (Ref. 6028)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6141&amp;speccode=6141'>Sturm, M.G. de L. and P. Salter0 Age, growth, and reproduction of the king mackerel &lt;i&gt;Scomberomorus cavalla&lt;/i&gt; (Cuvier) in Trinidad waters. Fish. Bull. 88:361-370. (Ref. 6141)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6376&amp;speccode=6141'>IUCN0 1994 IUCN red list of threatened animals. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, U.K. (Ref. 6376)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6463&amp;speccode=6141'>Kottelat, M. and R. Pethiyagoda0 &lt;i&gt;Puntius asoka&lt;/i&gt;, a new species of cyprinid fish from Sri Lanka. Aquar. Terrar. Ztxchr. 1989(8):472-475. (Ref. 6463)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11966&amp;speccode=6141'>Pethiyagoda, R.0 Threats to the indigenous freshwater fishes of Sri Lanka and remarks on their conservation. Hydrobiologia 285:189-201. (Ref. 11966)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12559&amp;speccode=6141'>McKay, R.J.0 Introductions of exotic fishes in Australia. p. 177-199. In Courtenay, W.R. Jr. and J.R. Stauffer, Jr. (Editors). Distribution, Biology and Management of Exotic fishes. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. (Ref. 12559)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=6141'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='2-8317-0564-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36508&amp;speccode=6141'>Hilton-Taylor, C.0 2000 IUCN red list of threatened species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. xviii + 61 p. (with 1 CD-ROM). (Ref. 36508)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=6141'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=47438&amp;speccode=6141'>Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438)</reference>
	<reference isbn='80-7036-139-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51055&amp;speccode=6141'>Hanel, L. and J. Novák0 České názvy zivočichů V. Ryby a ryboviti obratlovci (Pisces) 3., maloústí (Gonorhynchiformes) - máloostní (Cypriniformes). Národní muzeum (zoologické oddělení), Praha. (Ref. 51055)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51086&amp;speccode=6141'>Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=6141'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=91036&amp;speccode=6141'>Pethiyagoda, R., M. Meegaskumbura and K. Maduwage0 A synopsis of the South Asian fishes referred to &lt;i&gt;Puntius&lt;/i&gt; (Pisces: Cyprinidae). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 23(1):69-95. (Ref. 91036)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=6141'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=127520&amp;speccode=6141'>Ramani Shirantha, R R.A.0 A field guide to the fishes in freshwaters in Sri Lanka. Department of Wildlife Conservation, Colombo. XV + 502 pp. (Ref. 127520)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1849954984' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128868&amp;speccode=6141'>Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. 	Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-6141</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1992-07-31 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2014-01-27 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6141</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Found in relatively deep (1-2 m) fast-flowing water, in areas with gravel or sand substrates.  Juveniles (1-3cm TL) shoal together in schools of 30-100 individuals in very shallow water (5-25 cm), downstream.  Adults occupy deeper water (1-2m), upstream.  Usually occupies unshaded areas.  Fast swimmers and not easily identified from water surface.  Declining numbers due to intensive fishing by fish exporters (Ref. 6028).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6028&amp;speccode=6141'>Pethiyagoda, R. 1991 Freshwater fishes of Sri Lanka. The Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo. 362 p. (Ref. 6028)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-6141</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1992-07-31 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6141</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Asia:  upper reaches of the Sitawaka River and its tributaries, and Kelani near Kitulgala, Sri Lanka.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6028&amp;speccode=6141'>Pethiyagoda, R. 1991 Freshwater fishes of Sri Lanka. The Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo. 362 p. (Ref. 6028)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-6141</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1992-07-31 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2014-01-27 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6141</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6028&amp;speccode=6141'>Pethiyagoda, R. 1991 Freshwater fishes of Sri Lanka. The Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo. 362 p. (Ref. 6028)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-6141</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1992-07-31 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>17.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 6028))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6028&amp;speccode=6141'>Pethiyagoda, R. 1991 Freshwater fishes of Sri Lanka. The Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo. 362 p. (Ref. 6028)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-6141</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-07-31 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6141</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; freshwater; pH range: 6.5 - 7.5; dH range: 1 - 18; depth range 1 - 2 m (Ref. 6028)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6028&amp;speccode=6141'>Pethiyagoda, R. 1991 Freshwater fishes of Sri Lanka. The Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo. 362 p. (Ref. 6028)</reference></dataObject>
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