FB-6028 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6028 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Tetraodontiformes Balistidae Rhinecanthus Rhinecanthus verrucosus (Linnaeus, 1758) Tungch Pakol Pugot Sortbuget picassofisk Black patch triggerish Blackbelly picassofish Blackbelly triggerfish Black-blotch triggerfish Black-blotch trigger-fish Blackpatch triggerfish Black-tailed triggerfish Kurakakemongara Ayam laut Jebong Jebong tompok hitam Triger motor Pakoy Papakol Pugot Ampapagot Ampapakul Bbuyoaro Bibigo Kaputput Papagot Pogo Pogo taanda biru Pogot Puggot Pwuupwáy neyárenómw Subagyo 毒吻棘魨 毒吻棘鲀 毒銼鱗魨 毒锉鳞鲀 黑腹炮弹 Balistes verrucosa Linnaeus, 1758 Balistes verrucosus Linnaeus, 1758 Rhineacanthus verrucosus (Linnaeus, 1758) Rhinecanthus verrucasus (Linnaeus, 1758) Rhinecanthus verrucosa (Linnaeus, 1758) Rhinecanthus verrucosuss (Linnaeus, 1758) 1992-07-15 2013-05-06 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Thresher, R.E.0 Reproduction in reef fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Neptune City, New Jersey. 399 p. (Ref. 240) Rau, N. and A. Rau0 Commercial marine fishes of the Central Philippines (bony fish). German Agency for Technical Cooperation, Germany. 623 pp. (Ref. 393) Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino0 The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559) Masuda, H., C. Araga and T. Yoshino0 Coastal fishes of southern Japan. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 382 p. (Ref. 637) Myers, R.F.0 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602) Linnaeus, C.0 Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordinus, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae. 824 p. (Ref. 1652) Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. 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Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) McManus, J.W., C.L. Nañola Jr., R.B. Reyes Jr. and K.N. Kesner0 Resource ecology of the Bolinao coral reef system. ICLARM Stud. Rev. 22:117 p. (Ref. 5399) Bouhlel, M.0 Poissons de Djibouti. Placerville (California, USA): RDA International, Inc. 416 p. (Ref. 5450) Akimichi, T. and S. Sauchomal0 Satawalese fish names. Micronesica 18(2):1-34. (Ref. 6306) Kailola, P.J.0 The fishes of Papua New Guinea: a revised and annotated checklist. Vol. III. Gobiidae to Molidae. Research Bulletin No. 41, Research Section, Dept. of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Papua New Guinea. 153 p. (Ref. 6771) De la Paz, R.M., N. Aragones and D. Agulto0 Coral-reef fishes off western Calatagan, Batangas (Luzon Island, Philippines) with notes on new and rare captures and controversial taxa. Philipp. J. Sci. 117:237-318. (Ref. 6956) Eschmeyer, W.N.0 PISCES. 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Tonozuka0 Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 3. Jawfishes - Sunfishes, Opistognathidae - Molidae. Zoonetics, Australia. p. 623-893. (Ref. 48637) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) World Wide Fund for Nature (Philippines)0 Annual Ecosystem Research & Monitoring Reports. Tubbataha Conservation Project. WWF-Philippines. Electronic file. (Ref. 53416) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Broad, G.0 Fishes of the Philippines. Anvil Publishing, Inc., pasi City. 510 pp. (Ref. 58652) Bartley, D.M. (comp./ed.)0 DIAS. Introduced species in fisheries and aquaculture: information for responsible use and control. CD-ROM. Rome (Italy): FAO. (Ref. 74657) Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen0 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Australia: ABRS & CSIRO Publishing, 2178 p. (Ref. 75154) Golani, D. and S. V. Bogorodsky0 The fishes of the Red Sea - reappraisal and updated checklist. Zootaxa 2463:1-135. (Ref. 84159) Seeto, J. and W.J. Baldwin0 A checklist of the fishes of Fiji and a bibliography of Fijian fish. Division of Marine Studies Technical Report 1/2010. The University of the South Pacific. Suva, Fiji. 102 p. (Ref. 85272) Department of Fisheries Malaysia0 Valid local name of Malaysian marine fishes. Department of Fisheries Malaysia. Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry. 180 p. (Ref. 85449) Fricke, R., M. Kulbicki and L. Wantiez0 Checklist of the fishes of New Caledonia, and their distribution in the Southwest Pacific Ocean (Pisces). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie 4:341-463. (Ref. 86942) Rajan, P.T., C.R. Sreeraj and T. Immanuel0 Fish fauna of coral reef, mangrove, freshwater, offshore and seagrass beds of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Zoological Survey of India, Andaman and Nicobar Regional Centre, Haddo, Port Blair. (Ref. 87596) May, D.0 Folk taxonomy of reef fish and the value of participatory monitoring in Wakatobi National Park, southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. SPC Traditional Marine Resource Management and Knowledge Information Bulletin 18: 18-35. (Ref. 87848) Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann0 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102) Matsuura, K.0 Taxonomy and systematics of tetraodontiform fishes: a review focusing primarily on progress in the period from 1980 to 2014. Ichthyol. Res. 62(1):72-113. (Ref. 97685) Kerr, V.C.0 A rapid marine biodiversity assessment of the coral reefs of the northwest lagoon, between Koumac and Yandé, Province Nord, New Caledonia. BioOne Research Evolved:160-178. (Ref. 101627) Samaniego, B.R.0 Changes in the fish and benthic communities within marine protected areas of difference ages in Batangas, Verde Island Passage, and the perceived benefit of reef fishers. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna. 151 pp. (Ref. 107629) Torres, F. Jr.0 Species list for the five municipalities in Southern Palawan. Personal Communication [31/03/17]. (Ref. 114805) Longenecker, K., R. Langston, R. Langston, U. Kondio, H. Bolick and M. Mulrooney0 Rapid reproductive analysis and length-weight relations of three reef fishes (Actinopterygii: Perciformes and Tetraodontiformes) from a remote site in Papua New Guinea. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 46(3):263-270. (Ref. 118194) Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann0 Coral reef fishes of Timor-Leste. p. 33-82. In G.R. Allen and M.V. Erdmann (eds). A rapid biological assessment of Timor-Leste. Conservation International. (Ref. 118793) Palla, H.P., H.B. Pagliawan, E.F. Rodriguez, B.S.M.G.T. Cacho, B.J. Gonzales, C. Bonnell and T. Fowler0 Length-weight relationship of marine fishes from Palawan, Philippines. The Palawan Scientist 10:17-28. (Ref. 118794) IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-2. <https://www.iucnredlist.org/>. Downloaded 10 Jan 2023. (Ref. 126983) Hazes, B.0 Hazes' underwater photos. Collection of Philippine underwater photos. Unpublished. (Ref. 127519) Balisco, R.A.T., V.S. Ticzon, B.R. Samaniego, W.-C. Huang, B.J. Gonzales and T.-Y. Liao0 Marine fishes of Palawan, Philippines: species diversity, new records, and conservation status. Regional Studies in Marine Science 60(2023) 102825:1-10. (Ref. 130287) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-6028-2218 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1995-01-05 2015-01-08 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6028 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Rhver_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Rhver_u0.jpg Locality: Sipadan Is., Sabah, Malaysia. FB-pic-6028-20822 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-05-18 2000-04-12 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6028 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Rhver_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Rhver_u1.jpg FB-pic-6028-20823 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-05-18 2000-04-12 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6028 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Rhver_u2.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Rhver_u2.jpg FB-pic-6028-20824 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-05-18 2000-04-12 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6028 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Rhver_u3.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Rhver_u3.jpg FB-pic-6028-51501 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 2009-08-06 2009-08-06 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6028 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Rhver_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Rhver_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-6028 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-07-15 00:00:00 2013-05-06 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6028 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Inhabit subtidal reef flats and protected lagoons, Ref. 48637. Found mainly in rubble-algal habitat and usually in loose aggregations. Sometimes solitary (Ref. 90102). Shy species, usually swimming away or when small, diving into holes (Ref. 48637). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Also taken by drive-in nets (Ref. 9770). Matsuura, K. 2001 Balistidae. Triggerfishes. p. 3911-3928. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9770) FB-DiagnosticDescr-6028 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-09-08 00:00:00 2013-05-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6028 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Description: Characterized by greyish brown color dorsally, white ventrally; presence of large black patch on lower side centered above anus; broad yellowish brown band with four blue lines across interorbital space, continuing with three blue lines below eye to opening of gill; blue zone above upper lip bordered above by red line, extending to lower pectoral fin base; posterior body/caudal peduncle with pair of yellowish blotches; absence of groove in front of eye; nearly straight dorsal and ventral head profiles; caudal peduncle and adjacent posterior body with three horizontal rows of small, anterior projecting spines; rounded caudal fin (Ref. 90102). Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602) FB-Morphology-6028 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-09-08 00:00:00 2013-05-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6028 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Dorsal spines (total): 3; Dorsal soft rays (total): 23 - 26; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 21 - 23 Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602) FB-Distribution-6028 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-07-15 00:00:00 2023-01-10 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6028 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Indo-West Pacific: Seychelles, Chagos Archipelago through northern Australia to Vanuatu, north to southern Japan. Matsuura, K. 2015 Taxonomy and systematics of tetraodontiform fishes: a review focusing primarily on progress in the period from 1980 to 2014. Ichthyol. Res. 62(1):72-113. (Ref. 97685) FB-Uses-6028 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-07-15 00:00:00 2013-05-06 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6028 fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family Matsuura, K. 2001 Balistidae. Triggerfishes. p. 3911-3928. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9770) FB-LifeCycle-6028 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-07-15 00:00:00 2013-05-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=6028&StockCode=6342 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Thresher, R.E. 1984 Reproduction in reef fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Neptune City, New Jersey. 399 p. (Ref. 240) FB-TrophicStrategy-6028 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Grace Tolentino Pablico 2001-12-10 00:00:00 2007-08-31 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public verrucosus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Inhabits subtidal reef flats and protected lagoon and coastal reefs. Myers, R.F. 1999 Micronesian reef fishes: a comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of Micronesia, 3rd revised and expanded edition. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 330 p. (Ref. 37816) FB-Size-6028 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-07-15 00:00:00 2013-05-06 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6028 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 23.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9710)) Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-6028 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-07-15 00:00:00 2013-05-06 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6028 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution reef-associated; marine; depth range 1 - 20 m (Ref. 9710) Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710)