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	<dc:identifier>FB-59245</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59245</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Eupercaria/misc</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Gerreidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Gerres</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Gerres equulus Temminck &amp; Schlegel, 1844</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Strong spined silver-biddy</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='hi'>Phaiya</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='hi'>पाऐया</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>強棘銀鱸</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>强棘银鲈</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Gerres oyena (Fabricius, 1775)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Gerres phayia Iwatsuki &amp; Heemstra, 2001</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Gerres poeti (non Cuvier, 1829)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>2002-04-02</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-07-22</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12846&amp;speccode=59253'>Nguyen, H.P., P. Le Trong, N.T. Nguyen, P.D. Nguyen, N. Do Thi Nhu and V.L. Nguyen0 Checklist of marine fishes in Vietnam. Vol. 3. Order Perciformes, Suborder Percoidei, and Suborder Echeneoidei. Science and Technics Publishing House, Vietnam. (Ref. 12846)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=59253'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='974-89954-6-1.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37773&amp;speccode=59253'>Monkolprasit, S., S. Sontirat, S. Vimollohakarn and T. Songsirikul0 Checklist of Fishes in Thailand. Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok, Thailand. 353 p. (Ref. 37773)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41102&amp;speccode=59253'>Iwatsuki, Y. and P.C. Heemstra0 &lt;i&gt;Gerres phaiya&lt;/i&gt;: a new species of gerreid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Gerreidae) from India, with comments on &lt;i&gt;Gerres poieti&lt;/i&gt; and the &lt;i&gt;Gerres erythrourus&lt;/i&gt; complex. Copeia 2001(4):1043-1049. (Ref. 41102)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=47438&amp;speccode=59253'>Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=59253'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=87596&amp;speccode=59253'>Rajan, P.T., C.R. Sreeraj and T. Immanuel0 Fish fauna of coral reef, mangrove, freshwater, offshore and seagrass beds of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Zoological Survey of India, Andaman and Nicobar Regional Centre, Haddo, Port Blair. (Ref. 87596)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101194&amp;speccode=59253'>Patzner, R.A.0 Reproductive strategies of fish. pp. 311-350.  In  Rocha, M.J., A. Arukwe and B.G. Kapoor (eds). Fish reproduction: cytology, biology and ecology. Science Publisher, Inc. Oxford. 631 p. (Ref. 101194)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115257&amp;speccode=59253'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-59253</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2002-04-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-10-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59253</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>Specimens collected in shallow coastal or estuarine areas (Ref. 41102).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41102&amp;speccode=59253'>Iwatsuki, Y. and P.C. Heemstra 2001 &lt;i&gt;Gerres phaiya&lt;/i&gt;: a new species of gerreid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Gerreidae) from India, with comments on &lt;i&gt;Gerres poieti&lt;/i&gt; and the &lt;i&gt;Gerres erythrourus&lt;/i&gt; complex. Copeia 2001(4):1043-1049. (Ref. 41102)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-59253</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2002-04-03 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2002-04-03 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59253</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>When fresh, upper surface of head and trunk silvery, golden-brown, grading to silver on abdomen.  Pelvic and anal fins yellow, first few rays of pelvic fin with a white distal margin or whitish-hyaline posteriorly; caudal fin yellowish-dusky with slightly whitish lower margin posteriorly, lobes usually broadly rounded posteriorly; dorsal and pectoral fins yellowish-hyaline; trunk with approximately 6-10 vertical dusky bars (about half width of pupil diameter), more apparent when stressed or when preserved.  Number of scales between the base of the 5th dorsal fin spine and lateral line 4-4.5.  Second dorsal fin spine longest, 23-27% SL (mean 25%).  Supraneural bones 3 (Ref. 41102).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41102&amp;speccode=59253'>Iwatsuki, Y. and P.C. Heemstra 2001 &lt;i&gt;Gerres phaiya&lt;/i&gt;: a new species of gerreid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Gerreidae) from India, with comments on &lt;i&gt;Gerres poieti&lt;/i&gt; and the &lt;i&gt;Gerres erythrourus&lt;/i&gt; complex. Copeia 2001(4):1043-1049. (Ref. 41102)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-59253</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2002-04-03 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2002-04-03 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59253</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10;  Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 7</dc:description>
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	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41102&amp;speccode=59253'>Iwatsuki, Y. and P.C. Heemstra 2001 &lt;i&gt;Gerres phaiya&lt;/i&gt;: a new species of gerreid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Gerreidae) from India, with comments on &lt;i&gt;Gerres poieti&lt;/i&gt; and the &lt;i&gt;Gerres erythrourus&lt;/i&gt; complex. Copeia 2001(4):1043-1049. (Ref. 41102)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-59253</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2002-04-03 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-04-15 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59253</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Western Indian Ocean:  southwest coast of India; probably also in Bengal Bay and the Andaman Sea.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41102&amp;speccode=59253'>Iwatsuki, Y. and P.C. Heemstra 2001 &lt;i&gt;Gerres phaiya&lt;/i&gt;: a new species of gerreid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Gerreidae) from India, with comments on &lt;i&gt;Gerres poieti&lt;/i&gt; and the &lt;i&gt;Gerres erythrourus&lt;/i&gt; complex. Copeia 2001(4):1043-1049. (Ref. 41102)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-59253</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2002-04-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-10-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder> FAO</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59253</dc:source>
	<subject></subject>
	<dc:description>13.7 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 41102))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41102&amp;speccode=59253'>Iwatsuki, Y. and P.C. Heemstra 2001 &lt;i&gt;Gerres phaiya&lt;/i&gt;: a new species of gerreid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Gerreidae) from India, with comments on &lt;i&gt;Gerres poieti&lt;/i&gt; and the &lt;i&gt;Gerres erythrourus&lt;/i&gt; complex. Copeia 2001(4):1043-1049. (Ref. 41102)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-59253</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2002-04-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-10-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59253</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>demersal; brackish; marine</dc:description>
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