FB-5750 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5750 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Kurtiformes Apogonidae Zapogon Zapogon evermanni (Jordan & Snyder, 1904) Cave cardinal Cave cardinalfish Evermann's cardinalfish Oddscale cardinalfish 'Upāpalu Cardenal coralero 埃氏天竺鯛 埃氏天竺鲷 長柄天竺鯛 长柄天竺鲷 Apogon anisolepis Böhlke & Randall, 1968 Apogon evermanni Jordan & Snyder, 1904 1992-06-11 2014-10-11 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Thresher, R.E.0 Reproduction in reef fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Neptune City, New Jersey. 399 p. (Ref. 240) Myers, R.F.0 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602) Randall, J.E.0 106 new records of fishes from the Marshall Islands. Bull. Mar. Sci. 38(1):170-252. (Ref. 5439) Böhlke, J.E. and C.C.G. Chaplin0 Fishes of the Bahamas and adjacent tropical waters. 2nd edition. University of Texas Press, Austin. (Ref. 5521) Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley0 Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300) Kuiter, R.H.0 Tropical reef-fishes of the western Pacific Indonesia and adjacent waters. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta. 314 p. (Ref. 8631) Allen, G.R. and W.F. Smith-Vaniz0 Fishes of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands. Atoll Res. Bull. 412:21 p. (Ref. 9399) Böhlke, J.E. and J.E. Randall0 A key to the shallow-water west Atlantic cardinalfishes (Apogonidae), with descriptions of five new species. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 120(4):175-206. (Ref. 10504) Randall, J.E. and J. van Egmond0 Marine fishes from the Seychelles: 108 new records. Zool. Verh. Leiden 297:43-83. (Ref. 10685) Randall, J.E. and C. Anderson0 Annotated checklist of the epipelagic and shore fishes of the Maldives Islands. Ichthyol. Bull. of the J.L.B. Smith Inst. of Ichthyol. (59):1-47. (Ref. 11303) Randall, J.E.0 Coastal fishes of Oman. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 439 p. (Ref. 11441) Smith, C.L.0 National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p. (Ref. 26938) Winterbottom, R. and R.C. Anderson0 A revised checklist of the epipelagic and shore fishes of the Chagos Archipelago, Central Indian Ocean. Ichthyol. Bull. Smith. Inst. (66):1-28. (Ref. 27307) Randall, J.E.0 Review of the cardinalfishes (Apogonidae) of the Hawaiian Islands, with descriptions of two new species. aqua, J. Ichthyol. Aquat. Biol. 3(1):25-38. (Ref. 27665) Randall, J.E.0 Randall's tank photos. Collection of 10,000 large-format photos (slides) of dead fishes. Unpublished. (Ref. 28618) Randall, J.E.0 Randall's underwater photos. Collection of almost 2,000 underwater photos (slides). Unpublished. (Ref. 28620) Allen, G.R. and R.C. Steene0 Fishes of Christmas Island Indian Ocean. Christmas Island Natural History Association, Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, 6798, Australia. 197 p. (Ref. 30874) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum (BPBM). Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai`I, 96817-0916 USA. (Ref. 31667) Fricke, R.0 Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31:759 p. (Ref. 33390) Randall, J.E. and K.K.P. Lim (eds.)0 A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667. (Ref. 36648) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) Myers, R.F.0 Micronesian reef fishes: a comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of Micronesia, 3rd revised and expanded edition. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 330 p. (Ref. 37816) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Allen, G.R.0 Reef fishes of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. In T. Werner and G. Allen (eds). A rapid biodiversity assessment of the coral reefs of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. RAP Working Papers 11, Conservation International, Washington, D.C. (Ref. 41464) Fishelson, L., M. Goren and O. Gon0 Black gut phenomenon in cardinal fishes (Apogonidae, Teleostei). Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 161:295-298. (Ref. 46685) Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438) Allen, G.R. and M. Adrim0 Coral reef fishes of Indonesia. Zool. Stud. 42(1):1-72. (Ref. 47567) Hardy, J.D. Jr. (comp.)0 Coral reef fish species. NOAANational Oceanographic Data Center. NODC Coral Reef Data and Information Management System. USA. 537 p. (Ref. 48497) Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka0 Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 1. Eels- Snappers, Muraenidae - Lutjanidae. Zoonetics, Australia. 1-302. (Ref. 48635) Martin, F.D. and J.W. Patus0 An annotated key to the teleost fishes of Puerto Rico. Compendio Enciclopedico de los Recursos Nat. 5:1-191. (Ref. 50307) Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea and J.D. Williams0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. ix, 386 p. + 1 CD. (Ref. 52299) Randall, J.E.0 Reef and shore fishes of the South Pacific. New Caledonia to Tahiti and the Pitcairn Islands. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 720 p. (Ref. 54980) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Mundy, B.C.0 Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1-704. (Ref. 58302) Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen0 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Australia: ABRS & CSIRO Publishing, 2178 p. (Ref. 75154) Bacchet, P., T. Zysman and Y. Lefèvre0 Guide des poissons de Tahiti et ses îles. Tahiti (Polynésie Francaise): Éditions Au Vent des Îles. 608 p. (Ref. 89972) Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann0 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102) Mabuchi, K., T.H. Fraser, H. Song, Y. Azuma and M. Nishida0 Revision of the systematics of the cardinalfishes (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) based on molecular analyses and comparative reevaluation of morphological characters. Zootaxa 3846(2):151-203. (Ref. 96888) Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868) FB-pic-5750-7743 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-04 2000-01-20 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5750 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Apeve_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Apeve_u1.jpg Locality: Kaneohe, Oahu, Hawaii. FB-pic-5750-7744 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-04 2000-01-20 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5750 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Apeve_u2.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Apeve_u2.jpg Locality: Pokai Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. FB-pic-5750-7745 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-04 2000-01-20 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5750 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle E Locality: Waimea Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Apeve_u3.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Apeve_u3.jpg Locality: Waimea Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. FB-pic-5750-7746 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-04 2000-01-20 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5750 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Apeve_u4.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Apeve_u4.jpg FB-pic-5750-12172 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-10-26 2010-07-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5750 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats in a cave http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Apeve_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Apeve_u0.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-5750 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-06-11 00:00:00 2014-10-11 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5750 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Found in deep recesses of caves in the outer reef slope (Ref. 1602). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Nocturnal species (Ref. 7300). Swims upside-down on ceilings (Ref. 48635). Solitary or in pairs (Ref 90102). Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602) FB-DiagnosticDescr-5750 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-09-01 00:00:00 2013-03-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5750 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Body elongate, yellow or reddish brown. Black stripe through eye (Ref. 48635). Scales of lateral line large and well spaced; small ctenoid scales; black spot at base of last dorsal fin rays and white spot on dorsal midline just behind second dorsal fin (Ref. 26938). Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602) FB-Morphology-5750 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-09-01 00:00:00 2013-03-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5750 Dorsal spines (total): 7; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9; Analspines: 2; Analsoft rays: 8 Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602) FB-Distribution-5750 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-06-11 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5750 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Indo-Pacific: Mauritius (Ref. 33390) and Seychelles (Ref. 10685); Christmas Island in the eastern Indian Ocean (Ref. 30874) to the Marshall, Hawaiian and Marquesan islands. Western Central Atlantic: Bahamas, Cozumel to Isla Providencia and Curacao (Ref. 26938). Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602) FB-LifeCycle-5750 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-06-11 00:00:00 2014-10-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=5750&StockCode=6043 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Mouthbrooders (Ref. 240). Distinct pairing during courtship and spawning (Ref. 205). Thresher, R.E. 1984 Reproduction in reef fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Neptune City, New Jersey. 399 p. (Ref. 240) FB-TrophicStrategy-5750 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 2004-02-11 00:00:00 2018-05-02 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public evermanni http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Nocturnal species which occurs inshore (Ref. 75154). Found in deep recesses of caves in the outer reef slope (Ref. 1602). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Exhibits the black gut phenomenon. In nocturnal predators, it appears to serve to conceal bioluminiscent prey in the stomach cavity (Ref. 46685). Swims upside-down on ceilings (Ref. 48635). Solitary or in pairs (Ref 90102). Fishelson, L., M. Goren and O. Gon 1997 Black gut phenomenon in cardinal fishes (Apogonidae, Teleostei). Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 161:295-298. (Ref. 46685) FB-Size-5750 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-06-11 00:00:00 2014-10-11 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5750 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 15.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 89972)) Bacchet, P., T. Zysman and Y. Lefèvre 2006 Guide des poissons de Tahiti et ses îles. Tahiti (Polynésie Francaise): Éditions Au Vent des Îles. 608 p. (Ref. 89972) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-5750 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-06-11 00:00:00 2014-10-11 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5750 reef-associated; marine; depth range 5 - 70 m (Ref. 90102) Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann 2012 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102)