FB-57378 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=57378 Animalia Chordata Elasmobranchii Torpediniformes Torpedinidae Torpedo Torpedo alexandrinsis Mazhar, 1987 Hvidnæset piskerokke Bleeker's whipray Whitenose whip ray Whitenose whipray Helenina-nuutrai Pe pasung Pari Pari pasir Pari tanjung Witsnuitpijlstaartrog Himantura uarnacoides (Bleeker, 1852) Trygon uarnacoides Bleeker, 1852 2000-10-18 2020-01-02 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of November 1999. Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in November 1999. (Ref. 33021) Compagno, L.J.V.0 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766) Randall, J.E. and K.K.P. Lim (eds.)0 A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667. (Ref. 36648) Last, P.R. and L.J.V. Compagno0 Dasyatididae. Stingrays. p. 1479-1505. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 38475) Bor, P.H.F.0 Nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) van de wereld. World Wide Web electronic publication www.rajidae.tmfweb.nl, version (05/2002). (Ref. 43454) Dulvy, N.K. and J.D. Reynolds0 Evolutionary transitions among egg-laying, live-bearing and maternal inputs in sharks and rays. Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. B: Biol. Sci. 264:1309-1315. (Ref. 50449) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Ahmad, A., A.A. Abdul Haris Hilmi, A.C. Gambang, S. Ahemad and A.R. Solahuddin (eds.)0 Elasmobranch resources, utilization, trade and management in Malaysia. Marine Fishery Resources Development and Management Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center. (Ref. 53392) White, W.T., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens, G.K. Yearsley, Fahmi and Dharmadi0 Economically important sharks and rays of Indonesia. [Hiu dan pari yang bernilai ekonomis penting di Indonesia]. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, Australia. (Ref. 58048) Department of Fisheries Malaysia0 Valid local name of Malaysian marine fishes. Department of Fisheries Malaysia. Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry. 180 p. (Ref. 85449) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) Torres, F. Jr.0 Species list for the five municipalities in Southern Palawan. Personal Communication [31/03/17]. (Ref. 114805) Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor0 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953) Ferragut-Perello, F., S. Ramirez-Amaro, A.C. Tsikliras, N. Petit-Marty, D. Dimarchopoulou0 Exploitation and conservation status of the thornback ray (<i>Raja clavata</i>) in the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean). Fishes 8(2):117. (Ref. 132125) FB-pic-57399-29391 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 2001-05-02 2010-07-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=57399 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Hiuar_u3.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Hiuar_u3.gif FB-GeneralDescr-57399 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 2000-10-20 00:00:00 2024-08-16 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=57399 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Demersal on soft substrates to a depth of at least 30 m (Ref.58048). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Common catch component of the demersal tangle net and bottom trawl fisheries. Utilized for its meat, skin (high value) and cartilage (Ref.58048). Compagno, L.J.V. 1999 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766) FB-Distribution-57399 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 2000-10-20 00:00:00 2019-02-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=57399 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Indo-Malay Arch., Java to Vietnam, including Sumatra and Borneo. Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor 2016 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953) FB-Uses-57399 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 2000-10-20 00:00:00 2024-08-16 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=57399 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: bycatch FB-LifeCycle-57399 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 2000-10-20 00:00:00 2024-08-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=57399&StockCode=46967 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-Size-57399 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 2000-10-20 00:00:00 2024-08-16 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=57399 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology 119 cm WD (male/unsexed; (Ref. 58048)) White, W.T., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens, G.K. Yearsley, Fahmi and Dharmadi 2006 Economically important sharks and rays of Indonesia. [Hiu dan pari yang bernilai ekonomis penting di Indonesia]. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, Australia. (Ref. 58048) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-57399 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 2000-10-20 00:00:00 2024-08-16 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=57399 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses demersal; marine; depth range ? - 30 m (Ref. 58048) White, W.T., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens, G.K. Yearsley, Fahmi and Dharmadi 2006 Economically important sharks and rays of Indonesia. [Hiu dan pari yang bernilai ekonomis penting di Indonesia]. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, Australia. (Ref. 58048)