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<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-5520</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5520</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Eupercaria/misc</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Sciaenidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Johnius</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Johnius belangerii (Cuvier, 1830)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bholari-tont</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Alakaak</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Ilak</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Belanger's croaker</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Belanger's jewfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Boulenger's croaker</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Croaker</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Jewfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Little jewfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Little jew-perch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Mini-knob</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Perch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>River perch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Courbine de Belanger</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Abu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bugor</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='jv'>Sigarwojo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='jv'>Tigowojo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ja'>Konibe</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ko'>민태</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Gelama</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Gelama birai</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Gelama panjang</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Hu lam</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Jarau</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Kekemek</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Panjang</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>San gaa</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Tengkerong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sd'>Chan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sd'>Mushka</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>Tooroo-katchelee</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>டூரூ கட்ச்சீலீ </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>தூரக் கச்‍சேலி</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='tl'>Alakaak</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='vi'>Cá Uốp bê lăng</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Corvina de Belanger</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Abo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Belangerjeva grba</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Dulama</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Girgiran</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Lagis</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Tangdulan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>皮氏叫姑魚</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>皮氏叫姑鱼</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Corvina australis (non Günther, 1880)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Corvina belengerii Cuvier, 1830</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Corvina carouna (non Cuvier, 1830)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Corvina comes (non De Vis, 1884)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Corvina kuhlii Cuvier, 1830</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Corvina lobata Cuvier, 1830</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Corvina nallakatshelee Richardson, 1846</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Johnius australis (non Günther, 1880)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Johnius belengeri (Cuvier, 1830)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Johnius belengerii (Cuvier, 1830)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Johnius carouna (non Cuvier, 1830)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Johnius fasciatus (non Chu, Lo &amp; Wu, 1963)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Johnius weberi (non Hardenberg, 1936)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Pseudomycterus maccullochi Ogilby, 1908</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Sciaena belangeri (Cuvier, 1830)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Sciaena belengeri (Cuvier, 1830)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Sciaena nasus Steindachner, 1866</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1992-06-02</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-07-18</dcterms:modified>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=87596&amp;speccode=5520'>Rajan, P.T., C.R. Sreeraj and T. Immanuel0 Fish fauna of coral reef, mangrove, freshwater, offshore and seagrass beds of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Zoological Survey of India, Andaman and Nicobar Regional Centre, Haddo, Port Blair. (Ref. 87596)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90062&amp;speccode=5520'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=94837&amp;speccode=5520'>Chu, W.-S., J.-P. Wang, Y.-Y. Hou, Y.-T. Ueng and P.H. Chu0 Length-weight relationships for fishes off the southwestern coast of Taiwan. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 10(19):3945-3950. (Ref. 94837)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=95632&amp;speccode=5520'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101110&amp;speccode=5520'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101194&amp;speccode=5520'>Patzner, R.A.0 Reproductive strategies of fish. pp. 311-350.  In  Rocha, M.J., A. Arukwe and B.G. Kapoor (eds). Fish reproduction: cytology, biology and ecology. Science Publisher, Inc. Oxford. 631 p. (Ref. 101194)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=108763&amp;speccode=5520'>Wang, X.-H., Y.S. Qiu, G.P. Zhu, F.Y. Du, D.R. Sun and S.L. Huang0 Length-weight relationships of 69 fishes in the Beibu Gulf, northern South China sea. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 27:959-961. (Ref. 108763)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=108874&amp;speccode=5520'>Wang, J.Q., L.M. Huang, J. Li, Y.Z. Zhang, G.P. Zhu and X.J. Chen0 Length-weight relationships of 45 fish species in the Min River Estuary, East China Sea. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 32:131-133. (Ref. 108874)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115257&amp;speccode=5520'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=117610&amp;speccode=5520'>Jin, X.0 Long-term changes in fish community structure in the Bohai Sea, China. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 59:163-171. (Ref. 117610)</reference>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=119713&amp;speccode=5520'>Leung, A.W.Y.0 Temporal trends in fish abundance and species composition on an open access artificial reef in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: The University of Hong Kong, M.Phil. Thesis, 187p. (Ref. 119713)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=120620&amp;speccode=5520'>Wang, R.F., C.L. Zhang, B.D. Xu, Y.P. Ren and Y. Xue0 Feeding strategy and prey selectivity of &lt;i&gt;Chelidonichtys spinosus&lt;/i&gt; during autumn in Haizhou Bay. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 25(5):1059-1070. (Ref. 120620)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=121464&amp;speccode=5520'>Chong, V.C., A. Sasekumar, M.U.C. Leh and R. D'Cruz0 The fish and prawn communities of a Malaysian coastal mangrove system, with comparisons to adjacent mud flats and inshore waters. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 31(5):703-722. (Ref. 121464)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=121822&amp;speccode=5520'>Chao, N.L., C.-W. Chang, M.-H. Chen, C.-C. Guo, B.-A. Lin, Y.-Y. Liou, K.-N. Shen and M. Liu0 &lt;i&gt;Johnius taiwanensis&lt;/i&gt;, a new species of Sciaenidae from the Taiwan Strait, with a key to Johnius species from Chinese waters. Zootaxa 4651(2):259-270. (Ref. 121822)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=125575&amp;speccode=5520'>Tam, Y.-K., I.-S. Ni, C. Yau, M.-Y. Yan, W.-S. Chan, S.-M. Chan and H.-J. Lu0 Tracking the changes of a fish community following a megascale reclamation and ensuing mitigation measures. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 70(6):1206-1219. (Ref. 125575)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126271&amp;speccode=5520'>Leung, A.W.Y.0 The epibenthic ichthyofauna of Tolo Harbour and Hong Kong's northeastern waters: a long term record of change. pp. 463-487 In B. Morton (ed.) The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China IV, Proceedings of the Eight International Marine Biological Workshop, Hong Kong, 2-20 April 1995. Hong Kong University Press. (Ref. 126271)</reference>
	<reference isbn='2350-4757' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128520&amp;speccode=5520'>Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1849954984' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128868&amp;speccode=5520'>Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. 	Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130538&amp;speccode=5520'>Zhang, L.-L., M. Liu, L-P. Fang, Q. Xu and J.-L. Lin0 Reproductive biology of &lt;i&gt;Johnius taiwanensis&lt;/i&gt; (Perciformes: Sciaenidae) in Fujian waters, Southern China. Zool. Stud. 58(38):1-13. (Ref. 130538)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=5520'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137658&amp;speccode=5520'>Zhao, R., V.T.T. Lam, Y. Chen, J.Y.F. Sit, J. Li, K.M.Y. Leung and M. Yan0 A pilot study of fish biodiversity with a highlight of chondrichthyans in Hong Kong waters using environmental DNA metabarcoding. Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci. 86(104194):1-9. (Ref. 137658)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Inhabits coastal waters and estuaries.  Feeds on invertebrates, particularly benthic worms.  Marketed fresh and dried salted.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2872&amp;speccode=5520'>Bianchi, G. 1985 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine and brackish-water species of Pakistan. Prepared with the support of PAK/77/033 and FAO (FIRM) Regular Programme. Rome: FAO. 200 p. (Ref. 2872)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 10 - 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 27 - 31;  Analspines: 2; Analsoft rays: 7</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='92-5-104587-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9772&amp;speccode=5520'>Sasaki, K. 2001 Sciaenidae. Croakers (drums). p.3117-3174. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). Rome, FAO. pp. 2791-3380. (Ref. 9772)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Indo-West Pacific:  Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, through the East Indies, to China.  Records from the east coast of Africa were probably based on misidentifications as this species does not occur there (Ref. 4373).  Range extends westwards to the Persian Gulf (Ref. 9772).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4833&amp;speccode=5520'>Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran 1991 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, i-xxii + 543-1158, 1 pl. (Ref. 4833)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>fisheries: minor commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2872&amp;speccode=5520'>Bianchi, G. 1985 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine and brackish-water species of Pakistan. Prepared with the support of PAK/77/033 and FAO (FIRM) Regular Programme. Rome: FAO. 200 p. (Ref. 2872)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Amphidromous. Refers to fishes that regularly migrate between freshwater and the sea (in both directions), but not for the purpose of breeding, as in anadromous and catadromous species. Sub-division of diadromous.  Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.Characteristic elements in amphidromy are: reproduction in fresh water, passage to sea by newly hatched larvae, a period of feeding and growing at sea usually a few months long, return to fresh water of well-grown juveniles, a further period of feeding and growing in fresh water, followed by reproduction there (Ref. 82692).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=5520'>Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Crispina B. Binohlan</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-06-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-07-18 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5520</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle</subject>
	<dc:description>30.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 2872))</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2872&amp;speccode=5520'>Bianchi, G. 1985 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine and brackish-water species of Pakistan. Prepared with the support of PAK/77/033 and FAO (FIRM) Regular Programme. Rome: FAO. 200 p. (Ref. 2872)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-5520</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Crispina B. Binohlan</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-06-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-07-18 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5520</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>demersal; amphidromous (Ref. 51243); brackish; marine; depth range ? - 40 m (Ref. 9772)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=5520'>Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference>
	<reference isbn='92-5-104587-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9772&amp;speccode=5520'>Sasaki, K. 2001 Sciaenidae. Croakers (drums). p.3117-3174. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). Rome, FAO. pp. 2791-3380. (Ref. 9772)</reference></dataObject>
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